tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-37868317291934561572024-03-07T14:34:04.889+11:00Hawkesbury heritage & happeningsMichelle Nicholshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13895788284533270333noreply@blogger.comBlogger77125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3786831729193456157.post-12684907475831839822023-11-18T23:40:00.000+11:002023-11-18T23:40:38.354+11:00ROYAL VISITS TO THE HAWKESBURY<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;"> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_II">Queen Elizabeth II</a>, aged 96, died in September 2022, after a 70 year reign. We have also seen the appointment of a new monarch, King Charles III. Over the past 175 years, a number of members of the Royal family, have visited the Hawkesbury. </span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">The first Royal visit to Australia took place in 1867 when <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred,_Duke_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha">Prince Alfred</a>, the son of Queen Victoria, spent several months touring around. In 1868 his schedule included a picnic plus a trip on the Hawkesbury River, but these events were postponed due to bad weather. The trip on the Hawkesbury was not reported in the newspapers, however while attending the Sailors' Home picnic at Clontarf, an assassination attempt was made by Henry O'Farrell. It was believed to be the first political assassination attempt in Australia. The Prince was treated for his injuries by <a href="https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/osburn-lucy-4345">Lucy Osburn</a>, the nurse who had recently arrived in Sydney and introduced the Nightingale System of training nurses. </span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">As teenagers, Prince Albert and George, grandsons of Queen Victoria, visited in 1881 as naval cadets in training, on HMS Bacchante. They toured around the harbour and then took a steam launch up the Hawkesbury River from Pittwater to Sackville and then travelled to Windsor Railway Station by horse and carriage, where they caught the train back to the city. Apparently, the Mayor and other officials were not apprised of the visit (much to their disappointment) but groups of young ladies crowded the platform and it was reported that some enthusiastic female fans “could scarcely refrain from rushing forward to kiss the young gentlemen as they walked arm in arm” to their carriage. </span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">In 1901, the Mayor of Windsor, John Jackson Paine was invited to the opening of the first Parliament of Australia and the reception to meet the Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and York in Melbourne. The Mayor said later, it was “an event in the history of the world.” Local schools also celebrated this momentous occasion. The Duchess gave a signal in Melbourne via the telegraph, which was relayed to the teachers and schools all over the country, so they hoisted simultaneously their school flags to “herald the inauguration of the Federation of the Australian States.” A special ceremony followed the flag raising, attended by politicians and officials. Following their official duties, the Duke and Duchess spent some time on the Hawkesbury onboard the HMS Ophir, and visited the picturesque Cowan Bay for a picnic.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">One well-known visit was that of Edward, the Prince of Wales, in 1920. On behalf of his father King George V, his visit was to officially thank the Australian people for their contribution in World War 1. Arriving by train from Parramatta, the Prince was entertained by an aerial display provided by Lt Alfred le Grice and Tom Linn in two aircraft following the train from Blacktown to Windsor. Taking off from Clarendon, the pilots wowed the crowds “flying so low” it appeared they “skimmed the tops of the trees”. </span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">At Windsor, a huge crowd of about 6,000 greeted the Prince and the official party which included <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Mountbatten,_1st_Earl_Mountbatten_of_Burma">Lord Louis Mountbatten</a> and Lord Claud Hamilton. They were driven through an ornamental archway built in McQuade Park where the Prince and officials were met by various returned soldiers and army nurses. The Prince said he was pleased to visit Windsor “this old and famous town, whose name links it to the place where most of my own childhood was spent.” He presented a signed copy of his speech to the town. </span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">The procession then moved to Wilberforce and Ebenezer, stopping along the way so the Prince could shake hands with returned soldiers along the way. They then headed to Sackville with about 500 people gathering near an arch created with, along with a couple of soldiers, greeted the official party. The launch departed from the wharf at Sackville, travelling up the Hawkesbury and after a five-hour journey, arrived in Brooklyn.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">The Duke and Duchess of York visited Australia on their Royal Tour in 1927 and opened Parliament House in Canberra. NSW Premier, Jack Lang, requested the couple visit the Hawkesbury but the offer was declined. </span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">In 1936, the Prince of Wales became <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_VIII">King Edward VIII</a>, following the death of his father. He abdicated less than twelve months later, with his brother Albert George, the Duke of York, crowned as George VI.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">Queen Elizabeth II acceded to the throne when her father died in 1952. She visited Australia, the first reigning monarch to do so, in 1954, accompanied by Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. Wherever they travelled, they were welcomed enthusiastically and nearly 75% of the population saw her on this visit. It wasn’t until 1970, that the Queen officially visited the Hawkesbury. They flew from Orange and arrived at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAAF_Base_Richmond">Richmond RAAF Base</a>. A flying visit was made to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawkesbury_Agricultural_College">Hawkesbury Agricultural College</a>, now the Western Sydney University, in Richmond inspecting some of the college activities and the signing of the visitors book in the Library. Next stop was St. Matthew’s Anglican Church in Windsor where the couple were given a tour of the historic church, followed by a quick walk around the grounds. Less than fifteen minutes later, the couple departed for Parramatta, with hordes of schoolchildren lining the route, waving to the couple.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><br /></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQdHSZ6g0nkv9hpvirDZJHjtweYSTp8egTHIbgV_ZdTrLGFMMFJLS4NO2mHRBksi1NknULoNgSXX8yaik0xb3B6OE3ucp_RgUcq-1mFvjOUnClUxutDDb9CLfEk1AqmXems3vmVyM-6Ounn5njqW_capX80tl4OZ8iFoQXYwTZJ7aVHVfQ0rwHAYoXxhY/s2790/Queen_StMatthews.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="945" data-original-width="2790" height="147" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQdHSZ6g0nkv9hpvirDZJHjtweYSTp8egTHIbgV_ZdTrLGFMMFJLS4NO2mHRBksi1NknULoNgSXX8yaik0xb3B6OE3ucp_RgUcq-1mFvjOUnClUxutDDb9CLfEk1AqmXems3vmVyM-6Ounn5njqW_capX80tl4OZ8iFoQXYwTZJ7aVHVfQ0rwHAYoXxhY/w435-h147/Queen_StMatthews.jpg" width="435" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: helvetica; font-size: xx-small;">Queen Elizabeth II walks through the grounds of Windsor’s St Matthew’s Anglican Church, 1970. <br />Source: <i>Windsor & Richmond Gazette</i> 29 Apr 1970 </span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><br /></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">Subsequent visits to Australia by the Royal family have taken place since then but it’s those earlier visits to the Hawkesbury that are most cherished by the community. </span></p>Michelle Nicholshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13895788284533270333noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3786831729193456157.post-63001063210140127572021-11-07T21:11:00.002+11:002021-11-07T21:11:33.636+11:00Richmond’s Victoria Avenue<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Avenues of trees were popular throughout Australia, particularly for commemoration. In 1897, a decision was made to establish an avenue of trees in the Hawkesbury, to commemorate the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Victoria's long reign. </span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbPnSnoGe_dGn6gOQY6C0bz63OsxbOyQUcs15qfZ2acrKBac88PvFAXGhsMiN4s-s6HbH0YlblGqCWaHbx47EHaZem19jfL7G5wcql83Kun6BO8lJ8x6-AWRqt9XVsxyPJz_Y845HUSgw/s2048/victoria+plane+trees.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbPnSnoGe_dGn6gOQY6C0bz63OsxbOyQUcs15qfZ2acrKBac88PvFAXGhsMiN4s-s6HbH0YlblGqCWaHbx47EHaZem19jfL7G5wcql83Kun6BO8lJ8x6-AWRqt9XVsxyPJz_Y845HUSgw/s320/victoria+plane+trees.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-small;"><b>Richmond's plane trees by M. Nichols, 2021 </b></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">From 1872, Richmond Council was the local governing body and in 1897, it was raised in a meeting that the Council should celebrate this momentous event. An avenue of trees was to be created across Ham Common and was to be named Victoria Avenue in her honour. Council agreed with the suggestion and plans were to be put into place. </span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">The following year it was reported that Richmond Council were intending to plant 100 trees from the corner of Windsor and Bourke Streets, to about halfway across the Common, approximately Clarendon. It was decided to plant Plane trees as they reportedly grew quickly, were hardy and low maintenance. Richmond’s Town Clerk, Charles Guest was tasked with the assignment.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">One hundred and fifty trees were ordered, the date for the event set and special guests invited. Locals were also encouraged to plant trees. The event to commemorate the Diamond Jubilee of Her Majesty Queen Victoria, took place on the afternoon of Tuesday, 30 August 1898. A good crowd was in attendance, despite the non-stop rain and Victoria Avenue was declared opened. </span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBGLpbs0Ov8yVCKo5aXNJoxeSdOK5t7M11Cy7aXvLsueklfq8dpQV3qNJWyHChsQm-gix5Y3p0nmH_ufPXfSxgEzyE0J1qQR-AQveLEKZ97IXFsqdz5a3lXfHWxjcXE_y_uE9druez6AQ/s892/Capture.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="892" data-original-width="785" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBGLpbs0Ov8yVCKo5aXNJoxeSdOK5t7M11Cy7aXvLsueklfq8dpQV3qNJWyHChsQm-gix5Y3p0nmH_ufPXfSxgEzyE0J1qQR-AQveLEKZ97IXFsqdz5a3lXfHWxjcXE_y_uE9druez6AQ/s320/Capture.JPG" width="282" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-small;"><b><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-page6679703">Windsor & Richmond Gazette 3 Sep 1898 p. 12</a></b></span></div><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-page6679703"><br /></a></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Richmond’s Mayor, Edward Stevenson, planted the first trees on the left, on the way out of Richmond, followed by the Mayor and Mayoress of Windsor, Mr and Mrs John Jackson Paine, who planted two on the right-hand side. </span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Additional trees were arranged to be planted at a later date and within a fortnight it was reported that the majority of the trees were planted and fencing, for protection, constructed. However residents of Richmond were concerned when the Windsor community had not started planting trees from their end. </span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">In the early days, the trees struggled to survive. In 1899 some of the trees had to be replaced because of the hot weather. The Plane trees that had been planted in Chapel Street were about ten years old and were impressive comparison to those trees in Victoria Avenue. The local newspaper reported that the new trees were not being tended and needed mulch or manure round the roots. </span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">The trees were planted during a very dry period. Australia experienced the Federation drought between 1895 until the early 1900s and the dry conditions obviously have an effect on the trees. By 1903 there were reports of more dead trees but again, they were replaced and the expense met by a number of local residents. </span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Eventually the trees grew and thrived and became a notable feature of the town. In 1956, a storm with cyclonic winds hit Richmond, unroofed buildings and uprooted huge trees including several of the Plane trees, which had to be removed. The older and more substantial trees are situated between Bourke and Hobart Streets but over the years additional trees have been planted along the Hawkesbury Way. The name Victoria Avenue seems to have been lost in time.</span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div>Michelle Nicholshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13895788284533270333noreply@blogger.com1Richmond NSW 2753, Australia-33.6 150.75-34.475646217721973 149.6513671875 -32.72435378227803 151.8486328125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3786831729193456157.post-81884989953247683902019-09-30T21:44:00.000+10:002019-09-30T21:44:21.313+10:00Gordon Gow and the talking clock<div style="text-align: justify;">
Gordon Gow was born in Windsor in December 1919, the son of Arthur Gow and Kathleen nee Gordon. A clever boy, he entered the faculty of Arts and Law of Sydney University when he was just seventeen. </div>
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In 1937 he was invited to the Henry George League of NSW to deliver a lecture at its weekly meeting. The topic was Shakespeare and it was reported in the media at the time that the seventeen year old, was very talented, had an <i>“outstanding memory”</i> and was mature for his age. </div>
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With an attractive speaking voice Gordon established himself in broadcasting, making his debut with 2UE, working as a film critic and later as an announcer. He had constant work on radio working both with the ABC and commercial radio in Sydney, Brisbane and Melbourne. He built himself a reputation not only in radio but also in the Sydney theatrical circles, with a number of creditable stage performances. In 1941, he travelled to Brisbane and took up a position with radio 4BC as an actor-announcer.</div>
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In 1949 he travelled with his wife Joyce to England for a holiday but the couple eventually stayed on. By the 1950s they were living in London and Gordon was working as a radio and film reporter for the Associated British Film Corporation. He was also recording interviews with many distinguished stars including Bette Davis, Burt Lancaster, Douglas Fairbanks and Michael Wilding, Elizabeth Taylor’s second husband.</div>
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He was known for his contribution to various newspapers and magazines, about the theatre, performers and movies. Gordon also authored several books in the 1970s focusing on the cinema. The couple remained in the UK for about 50 years before returning to Australia in the 1990s. Gordon Gow died in 2000 at the age of 81.</div>
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Although readers may not recognise his name, Gordon Gow’s voice is quite recognisable to those born in the 20th century, and used to phone up to confirm the time. Gordon was the voice for the talking clock, commonly referred to as <b>‘George the talking clock’ </b>for nearly thirty years. He recorded the service in London in 1954 and the pre-recording was used to announce the time throughout Australia for the Postmaster-General's (PMG) Department, later known as Telecom.</div>
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In 1954 George the speaking clock was installed which provided an automatic, accurate time service. It was very modern piece of engineering which <i>“synthetised the time from three different optical discs.” </i>Gordon originally recorded the sound for the discs, including the well-known<i> “At the third stroke …”</i> For a period of time, the identity of the voice was kept a secret but then revealed to the media several months later. Gordon Gow passed away, aged 80 on 16 August 2000. </div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small; text-align: justify;">Gow's obituary from the </span><i style="font-size: medium; text-align: justify;">Australian</i><span style="font-size: small; text-align: justify;"> 18 September 2000 </span></td></tr>
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The voice of Richard Peach, brother to Bill Peach and ABC broadcaster, was recorded in the 1980s, and replaced Gow’s recording in the 1990s. Richard died in 2008 aged 58. Richard’s voice could still be heard when ringing 1194 for the time, until the service was last heard on <a href="https://www.smh.com.au/business/consumer-affairs/at-the-third-stroke-there-will-be-no-more-dial-up-talking-clock-20190418-p51ff8.html">30 September 2019</a> and you can listen to a sample h<a href="https://www.smh.com.au/business/consumer-affairs/at-the-third-stroke-there-will-be-no-more-dial-up-talking-clock-20190418-p51ff8.html">ere</a>. The clock was originally housed in the GPO in Martin Place but is now housed in the <a href="https://maas.museum/powerhouse-museum/">Powerhouse Museum</a> in Sydney. You can check this out on this <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9LVzKHOodC4">Youtube clip</a>.</div>
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Michelle Nicholshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13895788284533270333noreply@blogger.com8tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3786831729193456157.post-56423856566653439752019-08-20T00:35:00.002+10:002019-08-20T00:35:45.988+10:00Happy 145th birthday Windsor Bridge <div style="text-align: justify;">
145 years ago (20 August 1874) Windsor Bridge over the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawkesbury_River">Hawkesbury River </a>was officially opened. The Hawkesbury district celebrated in great style with about 7000 attendees and the day was observed as a holiday.</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Opening of Windsor Bridge taken by Thomas Boston <br />Courtesy <a href="http://www.sl.nsw.gov.au/">State Library of NSW</a></td></tr>
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Some officials arrived on the 11am train from Sydney with many local visitors and representatives, congregating near the Council offices ready for the procession. These included the local clergy, politicians, plus Mayor <a href="http://hawkesburyheritage.blogspot.com/2015/08/windsors-mcquade-bridge.html">John McQuade</a> and the aldermen of Windsor Council. The Windsor Volunteer Band led the procession and the Volunteers, Fire Brigade, the local masonic lodges with their banners <i>“proceeded along Macquarie Street to Dight Street, and thence through George Street to the bridge.” </i> The Richmond Volunteer Band led the students from the local Public and Catholic schools also participated in the parade which numbered about 600. The procession marched “across the bridge and doubling back” and the official ceremony then began with the <a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/sutherland-john-4673">Hon. John Sutherland</a>, Minister for Works giving a speech where <i>“he complimented the people upon having such a fine structure, and on the importance of the work.”</i> He particularly mentioned, <i>“why a low-level bridge was erected in place of a high-level structure”</i> and named the structure Windsor Bridge. The crowd applauded and the band played the National Anthem. The children then headed to Miller’s paddock in Macquarie Street where they were given refreshments of cakes and lollies and entertained with a Punch and Judy show and other entertainment.</div>
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It was reported that <i>“Windsor was gaily decorated with flags flying from nearly all the houses in the principal streets; and on the bridge were festoons, floral arches, and the flags of all nations.”</i></div>
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<b>Detail of official ceremony and flags on Windsor Bridge by Thomas Boston </b><b>Courtesy <a href="http://www.sl.nsw.gov.au/">State Library of NSW</a></b></h4>
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Above the bridge hundreds assembled and a bullock roasted, a time-honoured Hawkesbury tradition. There was also a formal lunch for the officials in the Windsor School of Arts where good food was eaten and lots of speeches and toasts were given. John Sutherland proposed <i>"Success to the Windsor Bridge”</i> and added that <i>“he hoped that it would last longer than the youngest child who had passed over it that day.</i>” To end the festivities, a ball was held in the evening in the old military barracks. </div>
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A bridge over the Hawkesbury River at Windsor was suggested for many years and became a reality when in 1864 a public meeting was held and a decision made to approach the Government. It took many more years for funding to be approved and the construction more than 2 years. The total cost was £10,283.</div>
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<i style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start;"><b>Courtesy<a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article63106269"> Illustrated Sydney News 19 September 1874 </a> </b></i></h4>
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All of the technical details about the construction of Windsor Bridge are available in this <a href="http://hawkesburyheritage.blogspot.com/2013/12/1874-technical-details-of-windsor-bridge.html">post</a><br />
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One tragedy that took place during construction when 10 year old, <a href="http://hawkesburyheritage.blogspot.com/2014/01/windsor-bridge-tragedy_19.html">Humphrey Albert Douglass</a>, who was working on the bridge, lost his footing and fell into the river and drowned.<br />
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<span style="color: orange; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;"><b>Happy 145th birthday Windsor Bridge - still standing proudly crossing the majestic Hawkesbury River, but for how much longer?</b></span></div>
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<b>140th celebrations in 2014 by Michelle Nichols</b></h4>
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Many accounts appeared in the newspapers of the day, including:<br />
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<li><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article107136740">OPENING OF THE WINDSOR BRIDGE. </a>(1874, August 21). Evening News p. 2 from </li>
<li><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article63106310">OPENING OE THE BRIDGE AT WINDSOR</a>. (1874, September 19). Illustrated Sydney News & NSW Agriculturalist & Grazier </li>
<li><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article70484364">OPENING OF WINDSOR BRIDGE</a> (1874, August 22). Australian Town & Country Journal, p. 9. </li>
<li><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article60991557">OPENING OF THE WINDSOR BRIDGE</a>. (1874, August 22). The Empire p. 4. </li>
<li><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article30941868">OPENING OF THE BRIDGE AT WINDSOR</a>. (1874, August 22). The Sydney Morning Herald p. 7. </li>
<li><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article70484470">NEW BRIDGE OVER THE HAWKESBURY AT WINDSOR</a>. (1874, August 22). Australian Town & Country Journal p. 20. </li>
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<br />Michelle Nicholshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13895788284533270333noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3786831729193456157.post-2796662866883490982019-01-19T00:19:00.000+11:002019-01-19T00:23:32.029+11:00Relocation of Logan headstones to Ebenezer Cemetery<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Logan headstones at Ebenezer Cemetery ~ Photo: Michelle Nichols 2012</b></td></tr>
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One of Sydney’s earliest cemeteries was called Devonshire Street Cemetery and was situated in Sydney between Eddy Avenue, Elizabeth Street, Chalmers, and Devonshire Streets. The cemetery was opened in 1820 however the site was resumed so that the railway station at Central could be constructed. Arrangements were made with the family and friends of those buried. Bodies were exhumed and relocated at the Government’s expense. The remains that were not claimed were buried at Bunnerong Cemetery alongside Botany Cemetery. These two cemeteries are now known as the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Suburbs_Memorial_Park">Eastern Suburbs Memorial Park.</a></div>
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John LOGAN (c.1821-1867) who was born in Scotland, married his first wife Ann in the 1840s. The couple had several children including James born circa 1847, George born circa 1849 and Ann born circa 1853. George was a baker and the family lived in Sydney. Tragedy struck the family when around 5pm on 16 July 1851; two and half-year-old George Logan was struck with a cartwheel. Despite being <i>“promptly attended by Dr. Rutter and Dr. Neilson, he expired two hours.” </i> </div>
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The bakery was recorded at Sussex Street, Sydney. According to the Inquest held a few days later, the young boy’s death was <i>“caused by coming in contact with the wheel of a cart.” </i>The driver of the cart, George Burnett, was charged with manslaughter.</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article60036424"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><i><span lang="EN">Empire</span></i><span lang="EN"> 17 July 1851 p. 3</span></span></a></td></tr>
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Ann, wife of John Logan, died aged thirty-two, on 25 September 1853. She was followed by Ann, their twelve week old daughter, who died 10 December 1853. It is quite possible that Ann died from complications, giving birth to Ann, who was born in late September.</div>
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The following year after the death of his first wife, John, remarried at Sydney’s Scots Church, Matilda Isabella, who was at the time, aged in her mid-twenties. Matilda was the daughter of Alexander Books and Margaret nee Grono of Bear’s Hip Farm on the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawkesbury_River">Hawkesbury River.</a> </div>
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John’s son James, died on 21 June 1866 aged nineteen years, cause of death is not known at this stage. The following year, John Logan died 5 November 1867 aged forty-six years. It is transcribed on his headstone that John was originally from Dunkeld Scotland and died at his residence, Woodland Cottage in Ryde but formerly of Bathurst Street in Sydney. His headstone states he was from Dunkeld although his Death notice states he was a native of Kinross, Scotland, aged forty-six years. There is about 50km difference between the locations. </div>
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Matilda Logan was living at ‘Melrose’ in Duke Place, Balmain when she passed away on 7 March 1901, aged seventy-four. Her obituary notes that her casket was taken from Balmain to Mulgrave by train and then transported by Mr Primrose, the local undertakers to the residence of Mr A. Books at Pitt Town. The <i>“casket was then taken by boat to Ebenezer burial ground and interred in the family vault alongside the deceased mother and father.”</i> Mr Edgar of Pitt Town read the service. Her death notice also records that she was interred at Ebenezer however there is no marker recording Matilda’s final resting place in the cemetery other than the above mention in the Books vault.</div>
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By early 1904, the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windsor_and_Richmond_Gazette">Windsor & Richmond Gazette</a> records that that the two Logan headstones (with the remains) had been exhumed and relocated from the Devonshire Street Cemetery to the historic <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebenezer_Church">Ebenezer Cemetery</a> in the Hawkesbury. The exhumation permit was issued to John Carmichael, from Duke Street in Balmain. Carmichael was, in fact, the brother-in-law of Matilda Logan, as he was married to her younger sister, Jane nee Books. </div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>Sources:</b></span></div>
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<a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article60036424"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Empire 17 July 1851 p. 3</span></a></div>
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<a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article60036494"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Empire 21 July 1851, p. 3</span></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">Windsor & Richmond Gazette 23 January 1901 p. 7</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">Family Notices. <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article60846784">Empire 7 November 1867, p. 1</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">Windsor & Richmond Gazette 30 January 1901 p. 7</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">Family Notices. <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article14381846">Sydney Morning Herald 16 March 1901 p. 1</a> </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">Family Notices. <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article14346235">Sydney Morning Herald 9 March 1901</a> p. 1</span></div>
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Michelle Nicholshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13895788284533270333noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3786831729193456157.post-90391994180112394662018-09-14T00:51:00.000+10:002018-09-14T00:51:36.718+10:00Set in stone: the McQuade monument, Windsor NSW<div style="text-align: justify;">
An impressive Victorian monument is situated in front of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windsor,_New_South_Wales">Windsor</a>’s historic <a href="http://www.windsoranglican.asn.au/home">St. Matthew’s Anglican Church</a>. The elaborate marble monument was erected by William McQuade in 1882 in memory of his wife Amelia and her parents, James Hale and Mary Durham.</div>
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William McQuade was born in 1827 and was the second son of Irish born convict, turned publican, Michael McQuade, and his wife Sarah. William became a prominent figure in the Hawkesbury and a successful landowner. He married Amelia Ann Hale in 1850, and the couple had four sons including one who died as an infant. Amelia was the daughter of James Hale and Mary Durham. Mary had originally been married to convict William Durham, a butcher, and following his death, she remarried in 1828, to James Hale, and their daughter, Amelia Ann was born the following year. </div>
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James Hale was a prosperous businessman and amongst other things, owned <a href="https://www.realestate.com.au/news/historic-fairfield-house-in-windsor-hits-property-market/">Fairfield House</a> in Windsor, originally built by <a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/cox-william-1934">William Cox</a>. William and Amelia McQuade lived at Fairfield for a number of years and the property was later inherited by their second son, Henry Michael Hale McQuade, well known as the owner of Her Majesty’s Theatre in Sydney and the member for Hawkesbury for a number of years in the 1880s. The couple eventually had a large portfolio of properties including a sizeable mansion in the fashionable Potts Point. </div>
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William McQuade was keen on sports and it was he who arranged a one-day match between the All-England Eleven, and a local team, with players selected from the Hawkesbury and Nepean districts. A special train conveyed the sporting team from Sydney, and the game was played at Fairfield on a specially made wicket. Over one thousand people attended the remarkable event.</div>
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While the McQuade family were staunch Catholics and very supportive of their religion, the Hale and Durham families were Anglican. When William married Amelia the ceremony was held in St. Matthew’s Catholic Church in Windsor. However when Amelia, aged forty-six, passed away in 1875, she was buried in St. Matthew’s Church of England cemetery, alongside her parents and various other family members. </div>
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Following Amelia’s death, her husband planned and built, an extravagant monument, which was made from imported Carrara marble. It was apparently designed to be undercover, protected from the elements but it has always stood outside. The cost for the monument was well over £2,000, with the work performed by the Italian, Antonio Caniparoli, of Carrara Italy, according to the newspapers, and “is amongst the finest examples of monumental marble carving and artistic designing to be found in the State. Lovers of the artistic will observe the symbolic cinerary urns, the upturned torches and the laurel wreaths; also the rare clustered columns supporting the large dome stone.” Local stonemason, George Robertson, from Windsor, was responsible for erecting the 40 plus tons of stone and foundations.</div>
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Nothing like it had been seen in Windsor up until then, and the magnificence of it confirmed the McQuade’s prosperity to the Hawkesbury community. The monument was erected at the front of St. Matthew’s Church of England in 1882, commemorating the memory of Amelia McQuade as well her mother, who died in 1857, and father in 1866. When William died in 1885, aged fifty-eight his estate was worth £212,000. He was buried in <a href="http://www.hawkesbury.net.au/cemetery/windsor_catholic/wwcc404.html">Windsor’s Catholic Cemetery.</a></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">William McQuade's vault at the Windsor Catholic Cemetery</td></tr>
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Michelle Nicholshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13895788284533270333noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3786831729193456157.post-68680640577286762692018-01-02T23:33:00.001+11:002018-01-02T23:33:24.497+11:00Thomas Probert: The Ultimate Sacrifice<div style="text-align: justify;">
In April 1874, a regrettable accident took place in Windsor NSW. Two young boys went with Thomas Probert for an afternoon swim, on the outskirts of the town. The boys were Albert Edward Horatio Fitzpatrick aged eleven years, and his brother, Ossory Arthur Stanton aged about nine.</div>
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The boys were the sons of John James Fitzpatrick and Elizabeth nee Lucas. The couple married in 1861 at Deniliquin and had five sons and three daughters, listed at the end of this post.</div>
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Fitzpatrick was a police officer and had worked his way up through the ranks as Sergeant, Snr Sergeant. (He later became sub-inspector of NSW police, Justice of the Peace and an Alderman of Windsor Council). Born in Co Cavan, Ireland he arrived in Australia in the early 1850s and went directly to the Ballarat goldfields. He spent the early part of his career in southern NSW in places such as Wagga, Deniliquin, Moama and then Mudgee before being stationed in Windsor since the early 1870s. </div>
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On Tuesday, 8 April 1874 about 5.30pm, Ossory Fitzpatrick <i>“went for a bathe”</i> accompanied by his brother Albert and Mr Thomas Probert, in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawkesbury_River">Hawkesbury River</a> near the mouth of South Creek. </div>
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Thomas Henry Probert was the first editor of one of the earliest newspapers published in the district, the <i>Hawkesbury Times</i>. The paper had originated in the early 1870s and was started by a local company and according to the local critics, the paper was well-written. Thomas was born in about 1813 and was formerly of Newport, Essex, England. According to other reports, Probert had resided in Windsor <i>“for upwards of three years.”</i> The report continued, <i>“Since his sojourn amongst us he had gained the respect and esteem of all with whom he came in contact, either commercially or socially, and was evidently a person of considerable literary merit.” </i> It is not known why he accompanied the boys; perhaps he was a neighbour or a family friend.</div>
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Mr Probert, who was aged sixty-one at the time, advised the boys he would check to see if the water was deep however Albert <i>“went into the shallow water”</i> but thought <i>“it was too shallow.”</i> Thomas told Albert <i>“not to go into the deep part” </i>yet <i>“he went into the deep water and was trying to swim.”</i> Thomas, obviously concerned, <i>“took off his coat and waistcoat and jumped in after”</i> Albert. He managed to get a hold of him but then his <i>“face went under the water” </i>and he was swept away. Albert tried to keep on the surface but he was only a modest swimmer, and after a short time sank in the middle of the creek. Meanwhile Thomas drifted downstream.</div>
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Ossory had to provide evidence at the Inquest, which was held the following day before the district Coroner, J. B. Johnstone. Ossory stated that he <i>“was in the water, but where he was the current was not strong when he saw his brother go under he ran home and told his mother.”</i> Ossory stated <i>“Mr Probert could swim he had seen him swimming in deep water.” </i></div>
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John James Fitzpatrick, Windsor’s senior Sergeant of Police and also Albert and Ossory’s father, also had to give evidence at the inquest. His testimony was reported in <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article70660201">The Australian, Windsor, Richmond, & Hawkesbury Advertiser </a>:<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgw5W0Nt7MvVrCj87yemhmAUiAr3y5x7mRPrQpFkoxEN6KJ29vPssjQYsrctxXlB6Fjg0yhUvvaRUG9Gp05cbvRilzqPOmIrL2Z4ZEnGPaL3Z7D5TRR7UD2dQQRAlO6zf9rn5U-dVQ1srM/s1600/Capture.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; display: inline; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="526" data-original-width="272" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgw5W0Nt7MvVrCj87yemhmAUiAr3y5x7mRPrQpFkoxEN6KJ29vPssjQYsrctxXlB6Fjg0yhUvvaRUG9Gp05cbvRilzqPOmIrL2Z4ZEnGPaL3Z7D5TRR7UD2dQQRAlO6zf9rn5U-dVQ1srM/s400/Capture.JPG" width="206" /></a></div>
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John James Fitzpatrick stated…on Tuesday evening between 4 and 5 o'clock the deceased, Albert Edward Horatio Fitzpatrick his son came and asked him where his mother was; he told him he did not know; but that he had better go and see if she was in the front bedroom; he saw no more of him; his son Ossory the last witness came to him about 5 o'clock on the same evening, and said that Mr. Probert and Albert were drowned in South Creek; he went to the place where his son said they were drowned, and when he got there he saw the body of Mr. Probert floating towards the Pitt Town side of South Creek; there were some men on the spot who at the request of; witness, took the body of Mr. Probert out of the water; after that they dragged for the body of his son and searched until dark without finding it; between one and two o'clock on Wednesday morning the search was renewed, and with the assistance of senior constable Bertleman and the Rev. Mr. Garnsey, they recovered the body about 3 o'clock; the bodies were removed to the Police Station, and are the same which have been viewed by the Coroner and jury; they are the bodies of his son Albert and Mr. Probert; when they were taken out of the water life was extinct.</blockquote>
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Some confusion arose to the exact cause of death of Thomas Probert and medical advice was sought. </div>
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John Selkirk a duly qualified medical practitioner residing in Windsor said that he had seen the body of Thomas Henry Probert and from the bloated and congested appearance of the face and head of deceased, coupled with the fact that the body was taken out of the water, he is of opinion that deceased met his death from asphyxia (drowning).</blockquote>
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The Jury had struggled with coming to an understanding of the situation. However a compromise was eventually reached and the newspaper reported:</div>
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The Jury had some difficulty in arriving at a verdict; but after some deliberation found that the death of Albert Fitzpatrick was accidentally caused by drowning whilst bathing, and that of Thomas Henry Probert by asphyxia, by drowning whilst endeavouring to save the aforesaid Albert Fitzpatrick. Upon the suggestion of Sergeant Fitzpatrick the jury further agreed to, and signed a document, expressing their approbation of the conduct of those who had searched for and recovered the bodies. </blockquote>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9SHNwkPeUrwnLWRsMxuDsfMTk17aT3KQ62u-NBC_rh92FUufWoGgENyWmhPgqmM9UwQY-IJVWaqq7WsuU-9F-8tloKrNgHZCBiq2iN_wmnkI5xWaT7L0NeuRRM7WkSEb4v6c16CgkxOY/s1600/Capture.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="678" data-original-width="382" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9SHNwkPeUrwnLWRsMxuDsfMTk17aT3KQ62u-NBC_rh92FUufWoGgENyWmhPgqmM9UwQY-IJVWaqq7WsuU-9F-8tloKrNgHZCBiq2iN_wmnkI5xWaT7L0NeuRRM7WkSEb4v6c16CgkxOY/s400/Capture.JPG" width="225" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12.8px;"> <b>Final resting place of Thomas Probert and Albert Fitzpatrick. They lie together in the one grave <br />at St Matthew’s Anglican cemetery - the one leaning to the right. <br />Picture: Michelle Nichols</b></span></td></tr>
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Both funerals took place on the 9 April, at St. Matthew’s Church of England and the service was conducted by Rev Charles Garnsey. The minister who was involved in the search was the person who found the body of Albert a few days earlier. Thomas Henry Probert who had paid the ultimate sacrifice trying to rescue a boy from drowning, was buried at St. Matthew’s Church of England Cemetery in Windsor. The boy, Albert Fitzpatrick, was buried alongside Thomas although the family were traditionally Catholic. </div>
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Several years after the tragedy, the eldest son of John James and Elizabeth Fitzpatrick, <a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/fitzpatrick-john-charles-lucas-6181">John Charles Lucas Fitzpatrick 1862-1932 </a> became a journalist. In 1888 he established the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windsor_and_Richmond_Gazette" style="font-style: italic;">Windsor & Richmond Gazette </a>, later known as the <i>Hawkesbury Gazette </i>newspaper and operated it until 1899. In 1895 he entered politics and had a thirty-five-year long career.<br />
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An abbreviated version of this story appeared in the <a href="http://www.hawkesburygazette.com.au/story/4182103/proberts-heroic-act-fails/">Hawkesbury Gazette</a> in 2016, compiled by the author.</div>
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">Death of Herbert Fitzpatrick</span></b></div>
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Sadly, tragedy struck the Fitzpatrick family again when Herbert died in Suva in 1896. He was reported as <i>“an exceptionally smart young fellow, who died at Fiji from fever. Herbert was fast making his mark as a writer, both political and descriptive, and he certainly promised to be the brightest of a bright family.”</i> Herbert died 28 February 1896 from typhoid fever and his obituary records why he was in Fiji in the first place.</div>
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The deceased was 27 years of age, and had been tor some months dispensing chemist on the Holmhurst Estate at Fiji. He served his apprenticeship to Mr. R. A. Pye, of Windsor, and some short time after the expiration of his connection with that gentleman's establishment he went to Sydney, where he was employed for a consider able period by Messrs Elliott Bros. Later on he went to Kempsey, on the Macleay, and also visited Tasmania, Victoria, South and Western Australia. After managing Messrs Pollard and Green's branch business at Coonamble for some months, he accepted an engagement to go to Fiji, where he was employed as analytical chemist on the Holmhurst Sugar Plantation. Six weeks or more ago he was attacked by typhoid fever, and was removed to the Colonial Hospital at Suva, where he received the utmost care and attention at the hands of the medical staff and Matron Beale, all of whom were most careful and kind towards their patient. His illness was one of the most intense and prolonged the Matron had ever seen, and he succumbed to it on the 28th February. The interment took place on the same day, and notwithstanding the fact that the deceased was a stranger to Suva residents, a large number of wreaths were sent by those with sympathised with his loneliness during illness, and the sad demise of a promising young man. Thus, though his remains rest in a land far away from old Windsor, he is not forgotten, for by kindly hands his humble grave adorned, by strangers honored(sic) and by strangers mourned. The relatives and friends of Mr H. Fitzpatrick desire to sincerely thank Matron S. Beale, and the medical staff of the Colonial Hospital at Suva, and all those residents of Fiji who displayed so much kindness towards him during his illness. His death came as a shock to those who knew him. He was regarded as one who had a bright career before him, for whatever may have been his faults; he was a generous and kind-hearted young Australian. </blockquote>
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<a href="http://www.hawkesbury.net.au/cemetery/windsor_catholic/wwcc041.html">Herbert’s</a> death is recorded on his father’s <a href="http://www.hawkesbury.net.au/cemetery/windsor_catholic/wwcc040.html">headstone </a>in the <a href="http://www.hawkesbury.net.au/cemetery/windsor_catholic/index.html">Windsor Catholic Cemetery</a>. Patriarch of the family, John James Fitzpatrick died 26 November 1899 aged sixty-nine years, and his story is an article in its own right. His obituary appeared in the <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article66442639">Windsor & Richmond Gazette</a> in December 1899. </div>
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Issue of John James Fitzpatrick and his wife, Elizabeth nee Lucas, who married in 1861 at Deniliquin, NSW:</div>
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<ul>
<li>John Charles Lucas b 1862 Moama & d 1932 Chatswood <span style="white-space: pre;"> </span></li>
<li>Albert E H b 1863 Wagga Wagga & d 1874 Windsor </li>
<li>Ossory A S b 1865 Mudgee & d 1933 North Sydney <span style="white-space: pre;"> </span> </li>
<li>Gertrude A b 1867 Mudgee married 1894 Wallace Harrison, Sydney <span style="white-space: pre;"> </span></li>
<li>Herbert J Keppie b 1869 Mudgee & d 1896 Fiji<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span> </li>
<li>Milfred H M born 1872 Windsor & d 1872 Windsor </li>
<li>Florence Mary b 1873 Windsor unmarried <span style="white-space: pre;"> </span> </li>
<li>Frederick Arthur b 1873 Windsor & d 1958 Taree </li>
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<b>Bibliography</b></div>
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<a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article60986565">DEPLORABLE ACCIDENT AT WINDSOR. (1874, April 10).Empire (Sydney, NSW : 1850 - 1875), p. 3. Retrieved November 29, 2013</a>. </div>
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<a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article13334664">WINDSOR. (1874, April 11). The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954), p. 8. Retrieved November 29, 2013.</a></div>
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<a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article13334764">Family Notices. (1874, April 13). The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954), p. 1. Retrieved November 29, 2013.</a></div>
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<a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article70660201">INQUEST. (1874, April 11). The Australian, Windsor, Richmond, and Hawkesbury Advertiser (NSW : 1873 - 1899), p. 2. Retrieved January 2, 2018</a><br />
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Michelle Nicholshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13895788284533270333noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3786831729193456157.post-67518157493989970502017-11-29T00:13:00.003+11:002017-11-29T00:16:11.421+11:00EDWARD MELLISH & THE SAKATA WRECK OF 1905<div style="text-align: justify;">
In Windsor's historic <a href="http://www.hawkesbury.net.au/cemetery/st_matthews/index.html">St Matthew’s Anglican cemetery</a> is a monument to Edward James Mellish a young man who lost his life in a shipwreck at the turn of the twentieth century. Who was he and what were the circumstances of his death? </div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2KrUow50oDUsjDI0E6daiMihr4f0A371WZyfzz7wIYnDLCIpFNCd5K2auQ5kl1vS2ephb6qQCI39Zy-MYyN8u7frXPtATPQY0FVZbfZ-f521KTNYjmE0zP1TscGNXPhjAFupRWW0CO58/s1600/edward+mellish+headstone.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="401" data-original-width="494" height="258" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2KrUow50oDUsjDI0E6daiMihr4f0A371WZyfzz7wIYnDLCIpFNCd5K2auQ5kl1vS2ephb6qQCI39Zy-MYyN8u7frXPtATPQY0FVZbfZ-f521KTNYjmE0zP1TscGNXPhjAFupRWW0CO58/s320/edward+mellish+headstone.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Edward Mellish plaque on the Upton family vault in St Matthew's Anglican Cemetery<br />
Photo: M. Nichols, 2017</td></tr>
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According to the newspapers of the day, a British schooner called the <i>“Sakata”</i> was on a voyage from Anapolis in Brazil, to Havana in ballast in December 1905. The <i>“Sakata”</i> was a three-masted schooner and <i>“was struck by a terrific wave during a heavy gale”</i> and turned her on <i>“her beam ends, and before the crew had time to cut away the masts to right her she capsized, throwing Captain Donlon and the whole of the crew into the water.”</i></div>
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Some of the crew were able to climb to safety on the <i>“upturned vessel, but owing to cold and exposure they gradually lost consciousness”</i> and eventually vanished into the ocean. Out of the seven members of the crew, there was only one survivor, John F. Williams, one of the mates. He was on the brink of death when rescued by the crew of the <i>“Helen Thomas”</i> and was almost unconsciousness. He had kept alive for four days, by nibbling on his oilskin jacket. </div>
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Sadly a local resident, Edward James Mellish drowned in the accident. Edward was the son of Edward Mellish 1850-1913 and Susannah nee Upton 1850-1885. Edward junior left Riverstone a number of years ago and sought work on “Sakata” a trading boat. Edward was twenty years and six months old when died and apparently had a “fine physique and splendid disposition.” </div>
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The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windsor_and_Richmond_Gazette"><i>W</i></a><i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windsor_and_Richmond_Gazette">indsor and Richmond Gazette</a> </i><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article85669537">article 21 September 1907</a> stated that Edward’s sister, Mrs Ethel Lorger, received afterwards, an article about the accident which was titled, <i>“Loss of the Sakata and Crew.”</i> Apparently, there was not a lot of information about the accident however after the event the following letter appeared in the newspaper: </div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">Having read your inquiry in the Halifax paper in regards to your son Edward, I am taking the liberty of writing you, as ''Ned ' was a personal friend of mine while he was at this port. I spent the evening with him the night he left on that fated voyage on the schooner “Sakata”. Strange to say he asked me to write to you if he did not return, and I had forgotten the address until I came across the piece in the paper by chance. There is no doubt in my mind that poor Ned was lost as the only one who was saved was the mate, and his name is Williams, from St John, New Brunswick, I saw a letter that was written. To the lady that Ned boarded with while he was in town. It was from the mate after he came back to St John. He told how the vessel was struck by a squall and capsized, and he managed to climb on the bottom, and was rescued after much suffering, and obliged to eat a portion of his oilskins to keep alive. It was all so sudden that all the rest must have gone down immediately, except one poor fellow, he saw struggling in the water, but he could not help him, and finally he threw up his bands and was seen no more. It was Ned's watch below at the time of the accident, so you can imagine what kind of a chance he would have. The lady Ned boarded with was Mrs Lear Hardwick, who has since left here and gone to Yarmouth, Nova Scotia. The schooner Skata loaded lumber at the port, shipped by Pickels and Mills, and not Parsboro as stated in the clipping enclosed but was in Pars. And hoping these few lines will be of some assistance to you, I will come to a close, and kindly accept my sincere sympathy for the loss of your son as well as a very dear friend to me. I remain, yours truly, Herbert H. Hearne, Annapol, Royal, Nova Scotia, Canada.</span> </blockquote>
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The circumstances of his death are few and far between however following the sad death of Edward, the family erected a monument on his mother’s family grave, the Upton’s. The vault is situated in St Matthew’s historic cemetery, Windsor to commemorate Edward, who lost his life on the other side of the world.</div>
Michelle Nicholshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13895788284533270333noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3786831729193456157.post-59225024067564193532017-08-09T19:58:00.003+10:002017-08-09T20:05:36.452+10:00"A malicious conspiracy to defraud"<div style="text-align: justify;">
In November 1837 a conspiracy to defraud Wilberforce farmer, Michael Power of £500 took place. Benjamin Hodghen, a settler and also a constable, along with his daughter Mrs Ann Payton, widow, both of Windsor collaborated with Elizabeth, Michael’s wife, to defraud Michael Power. But then Elizabeth was also swindled. The individuals were all caught and the case was heard by the Supreme Court in February 1838. Many inhabitants from Windsor and Wilberforce attended the hearing.</div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXPJa8ld3AH7u8aemifjT9J3kxZYztqfOZ23Jo3KfBNRr2bvAn2H8pCTharv7EmXJAAiUsQ_99fq0SsX6Y5S7YWcuWmEH9xlGCW730ZzVjf-JVAGRsBjjw4zo6iKqC0dkUYjEBANM3_0c/s1600/Capture.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="522" data-original-width="307" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXPJa8ld3AH7u8aemifjT9J3kxZYztqfOZ23Jo3KfBNRr2bvAn2H8pCTharv7EmXJAAiUsQ_99fq0SsX6Y5S7YWcuWmEH9xlGCW730ZzVjf-JVAGRsBjjw4zo6iKqC0dkUYjEBANM3_0c/s320/Capture.JPG" width="186" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><i>The Australian</i> 23 February 1838, p. 2. </b></td></tr>
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Mrs Elizabeth Power was the wife of Michael Power, a farmer of Wilberforce. He apparently ill-treated his wife. So when he was absent from home one day, she broke open a box belonging to her husband and removed £500. She then made away with the money. During the court case, Michael reported that the couple<i> “were always very comfortable; scolding is nothing between man and wife”.</i> He also admitted that he <i>“often struck her, but that is nothing between man and wife.”</i> The case was reported in details in the newspapers of the time. It reports:</div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">The husband, on discovering his loss, applied for and obtained a warrant from Samuel North, Esq, to apprehend his wife for absconding, and she was taken into custody, but the money was not found upon her person. On the following morning Hodghen, the chief constable of Windsor, took Mrs Power out of the Watch-house, and brought her to his house to breakfast with him, and having sounded her as to whether she had the money, she, after some hesitation, took him to the house where it had been left, and brought it away tied up in a small bag. She then returned to Hodghen's house, where she deposited the money in Hodghen's hat in presence of his wife and daughter, having previously promised him that if he would not deceive her, she would make him a handsome present. On being taken before the magistrate, the money not being forthcoming, Mrs Power was discharged from custody, upon which she returned to Hodghen's house, where she resided about a week. </span></blockquote>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Suspicion having been excited that Hodghen had the money, a search warrant was obtained against his house, which was executed in his absence by constables Cobcroft and Armfield, who explored everything in the premises with the exception of a writing desk, and a clock which was locked up and of which they were informed Hodghen had the key. It was subsequently alleged that the money was planted in the clock, Hogdhen afterwards gave Mrs Power £84, as her share of the spoil, and she went to Sydney with a view of proceeding to Van Diemen's Land, where she had a daughter. On the road however, she fell in with her husband, who took the money away from her. She then returned to Hodghen's house, where she demanded a further share of the spoil, and Mrs Payton (Hodghen's daughter, who with the mother had taken an active part in the transaction) and a man named Dennis Dwyer, (who refused, when giving his evidence, to answer whether any criminal intercourse had taken place between him and Mrs Power) then accompanied Mrs Power to Sydney, where a passage to Van Diemen's Land was negotiated for her. Upon being pressed to embark, however, Mrs Power found that only £5 had been given by Hodghen to his daughter to deliver to her, which she complained was not sufficient to carry her halfway on her journey. </span></blockquote>
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Elizabeth Power refused to go, despite Mrs Payton trying to persuade her, and Elizabeth eventually made a statement before Mr North, the Police Magistrate at Windsor.</div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">On the part of the defence, Mr Foster contended that the present information must fail, inasmuch as it was clear from the evidence, that there had been no conspiracy entered into to obtain the money, which had been previously taken by the wife, and voluntarily handed over to Hodghen. In consequence of this, the learned gentleman contended, that the two first counts in the information, could not be supported. Mr. Foster also contended that the third count was defective—for that a general description of the offence, without specifying the means taken to complete it, was insufficient in law. The learned judge reserved the objections, should there be any necessity for their after consideration. In his charge to the Jury, the Chief Justice recommended them to dismiss the two first counts from their consideration, and to apply themselves wholly to the third, on which, he was of opinion, it was competent for them, if they believed the evidence, to convict the defendants. The Jury, after upwards of half an hour's consideration, returned a verdict of Guilty, upon which the defendants were remanded from their bail until Friday (this day) when they are to be brought up for the judgment of the Court.</span></blockquote>
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Several days later, Benjamin Hodghen was convicted of conspiracy and sentenced to two years in Newcastle Gaol, and was required to pay a fine of £500. His daughter Ann Payton, was sentenced to two years in Newcastle Gaol. It doesn’t appear that a conviction was recorded for Elizabeth. Did she return to live with her husband? One wonders what her story was.</div>
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You can read the story in full in <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article36856298">The Australian 23 February 1838, p. 2.</a><br />
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This article was first published in the <i>Hawkesbury Crier</i> December 2016 pp. 14-15</div>
Michelle Nicholshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13895788284533270333noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3786831729193456157.post-37504251087967602002017-06-09T19:14:00.003+10:002017-06-09T19:14:44.535+10:00Who was William Shackfield Newton 1837-1912?<div style="text-align: justify;">
Rev W. S. Newton performed hundreds of baptisms, marriages and funerals for over a decade, for families belonging to the St. John’s Church of England at Wilberforce, St Thomas’ Church of England, Sackville and on the other side of the Hawkesbury River, in the St. James Church of England at Pitt Town, but who was he?</div>
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William Shackfield Newton was born in 1837 Ormskirk Lancashire the son of John Newton, a Methodist minister and his wife Hannah. He attended school at Stourbridge and he appears to have taken an interest in the ministry, as a young man and was admitted to Christ’s College at Cambridge. He completed his Bachelor of Arts in 1860 and later in 1869 his Master of Arts.(1) </div>
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He was ordained a deacon in 1860 at Llandaff, near Cardiff in the south of Wales, and then priest the following year. He was appointed the curate at Canton, Glamorgan in Wales in 1860 and was there for two years. He was at Cheptow between 1862 and 1865 and the Brierley Hills from 1865 until 1871. </div>
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His wife Catherine Pugh Morris, who he married in 1862, hailed from Montgomery Wales. Their first born was Edward Rowley Morris Newton who was born in 1865 in Stourbridge, Worcestershire. Daughter Eleanor Jones was born in 1867 also in Stourbridge. Joan was born in Concord in 1878. </div>
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William with Catherine, Edward and Eleanor migrated to Australia in 1871. William was appointed to the Macleay River parish until 1873, followed by Gulgong until 1878. He had a change of occupation in the late 1870s and was the Headmaster of the Collegiate School at Croydon from 1878 until 1889 then Principal of St. Philip’s Grammar School, Sydney from 1892 for four years. He returned to the church with a post at St Matthew’s at Botany in the inner city before being appointed Rector in May 1897 to the incumbency at Pitt Town.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1cKN6mWX1bK10IWv1K5NZOXhVJ5bKJ6R8Ids6Lpwq0chGdVCgIxmvb__a4n2IRgGoQdRrfFm9-5y8SJbbOY5BTB-XGC0PbnGM1hjKU6qDCMY_lN09om-2I0Q31DkvNq8tKeBGSyahuNU/s1600/st+johns+wilberforce.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="350" data-original-width="608" height="230" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1cKN6mWX1bK10IWv1K5NZOXhVJ5bKJ6R8Ids6Lpwq0chGdVCgIxmvb__a4n2IRgGoQdRrfFm9-5y8SJbbOY5BTB-XGC0PbnGM1hjKU6qDCMY_lN09om-2I0Q31DkvNq8tKeBGSyahuNU/s400/st+johns+wilberforce.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>St Johns Anglican Church, Wilberforce</b></td></tr>
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At this stage Pitt Town and Wilberforce still came under the same Parish despite being on opposite sides of the Hawkesbury River. It was a bit of a journey via horseback or cart via Windsor but a much quicker journey via the punt across the river.</div>
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Shortly after the arrival of the Newton family in Pitt Town, Eleanor Jones Newton married Henry ‘Harry’ Glanville on 12 June 1897 at St James Pitt Town. William presided over his daughter’s marriage. Henry was a 37 year old farmer from Wogamia, Shoalhaven. </div>
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The local newspapers provide an insight into some of the daily events of the Newton family in the Hawkesbury. </div>
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In September 1897, Rev Newton, was able to obtain a donation of ornamental shrubs from the Botanical Gardens in Sydney. The plants were used to <i>“beautify the ground attached”</i> to the old St. James' Schoolhouse. Members of the church including older parishioners and residents were invited to attend. Horticulturalist, Mr Phillips, the laid out the plants and the first tree was planted by senior church-warden James Dunstan. Trees were then planted by wardens, Sunday school teachers plus members of the congregation. Rev Newton and daughter Joan also planted trees. Mr T Hillhouse Taylor, the gentleman assisting Mr Newton in his ministerial duties, also planted a tree. The oldest person to plant a tree was Mrs Sarah Horton, aged 96. The tree planting was followed by refreshments.(2) </div>
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In 1903 Rev Newton attended the special ceremony of laying a corner stone at St. Paul's Church in Riverstone.</div>
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Early in January 1904, it was reported in the local newspaper that Rev. W. S. Newton had lost his pony. Apparently it <i>“found its way back to Campbelltown, where it was bred. Mr. John Smallwood brought it back to its owner last week.” </i>(3) </div>
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Also in 1904, Rev Newton was reported as being in a <i>“low state, suffering from pneumonia.” </i>Mr. J. Barnett filled in and took the services At Pitt Town while the rector was unwell. He eventually went to Nowra to recuperate and gradually gained his strength.(4) </div>
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On New Year’s Eve (1904) Mrs. Newton was presented a gift from the local parishioners. Mrs. B. Hall given a<i> “handsome and valuable tea-service” </i>while her husband and daughter were also presented with a matching cup and saucer. The gifts were subscribed for by the local parishioners. For entertainment, a gramophone was lent for the event and Miss Sarah Wilbow sang a song, followed by refreshments and games until midnight, followed by a service.(5) </div>
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The following year, Rev Newton and one his daughters had an accident. A motor cycle spooked their horse, and the harness and vehicle destroyed. Their injuries were much more serious than originally thought and <i>“Mrs. Glanville, from Nowra, a daughter of Mr. Newton” </i>stayed <i>“at the rectory to nurse the patients."</i>(9)<i> </i>The local congregation collected donations which totalled about £10, which went towards a new whip and harness. The new items were presented at a social event at the Church Hall. The remainder of the money £4 went towards repairing the sulky. While the rector was convalescing, Mr Martin acted as the lay preacher.(6)</div>
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He was with this parish in the Hawkesbury until 1911 when he became unwell and retired. After leaving Windsor, the Rev. W. S. Newton carried on his spiritual work amongst the prisoners sent from Darlinghurst to the Long Bay Gaol. He was remembered by the <i>“down and out for his great but old-fashioned virtue called kindness.” </i>(7)</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"></td><td class="tr-caption"><span style="font-size: 12.8px;"><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-page8924996" target="_blank">Windsor and Richmond Gazette 21 December 1912, p. 4.</a></span></td><td class="tr-caption"><span style="font-size: 12.8px;"> </span></td></tr>
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Daughter Eleanor Glanville died in November 1912 aged 40. She had a 13 year old son. The death of Eleanor greatly affected William and within the month, he passed away. Rev William Shackfield Newton passed away at Randwick on 18 December 1912. His funeral was held at St. James Pitt Town and he was buried in the Anglican Cemetery, Pitt Town. Catherine died in 1919 at Randwick and she was buried with her husband at Pitt Town. (8) </div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkPtmo74JupagjcosnM4zqM1p_Z-sNmFgefPNtALZcubl5AFNr_DvxBM7QdAEx4hF8W91YO39egtyGt9-byJxYfZpCnM0MLqYI2P1splucInYGodG7Ia3UMFqGGOUpChA_7zWVNczvv2o/s1600/newton+graves+pitt+town.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="513" data-original-width="593" height="343" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkPtmo74JupagjcosnM4zqM1p_Z-sNmFgefPNtALZcubl5AFNr_DvxBM7QdAEx4hF8W91YO39egtyGt9-byJxYfZpCnM0MLqYI2P1splucInYGodG7Ia3UMFqGGOUpChA_7zWVNczvv2o/s400/newton+graves+pitt+town.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Newton headstone from Pitt Town Cemetery</b></td></tr>
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Sources</div>
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1. Alumni Cantabrigienses: A Biographical List of All Known Students ..., Volume 2 by John Venn</div>
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<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;">2. <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article72552845" target="_blank">(1897, September 4).Windsor & Richmond Gazette, p. 12. </a> </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;">3. <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article85894383" target="_blank">(1904, January 2). Windsor and Richmond Gazette, p. 7.</a> </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;">4. <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article66357877" target="_blank">(1904, June 24).Hawkesbury Herald, p. 12.</a> and <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article85892967" target="_blank">(1904, September 3).Windsor and Richmond Gazette, p. 7</a>. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">5. </span><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article85896767" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" target="_blank">(1904, January 9). Windsor and Richmond Gazette, p. 4</a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;">6. <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article85891600" target="_blank">(1905, October 21). Windsor and Richmond Gazette, p. 6.</a> </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;">7. <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article85890707" target="_blank">(1905, November 11). Windsor and Richmond Gazette, p. 4</a>. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">8. (1932, November 25). </span><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article86054759%20http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article86054759" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" target="_blank">Windsor and Richmond Gazette</a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">, p. 18.</span></div>
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Michelle Nicholshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13895788284533270333noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3786831729193456157.post-57331906029008785322017-05-28T23:39:00.002+10:002017-05-28T23:39:42.691+10:00The nineteen radicals<div style="text-align: justify;">
Only small numbers of convicts arrived from Scotland to the penal colony as Scotland's legal system had less capital offences and punishments in comparison to elsewhere. A number of convicts arrived in Sydney in 1821 as a result of discontent in Scotland and one of these went on to have a connection to the Hawkesbury.</div>
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Following the <a href="https://www.britannica.com/event/French-Revolution" target="_blank">French Revolution</a>, unemployment, cost of living and unjust working conditions in Scotland led to workers seeking reform. In 1820 a group of activists planned a rebellion during an industrial uprising at <a href="https://www.britannica.com/event/French-Revolution" target="_blank">Bonnymuir</a> however it was short-lived.</div>
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A number of men were captured, with 22 convicted and 19 of these charged with treason and sentenced to death. William Crawford was freed while John Baird and Andrew Hardie, were executed in September 1820, just a week after another rebel, James Wilson was hanged and beheaded. The nineteen had their sentences commuted to transportation and they became known as the <a href="https://thescottishaustralian.wordpress.com/2015/08/25/radicals-martyrs-and-scottish-convicts-in-colonial-australia/" target="_blank">Scottish Radicals</a>. They were:</div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Sentence<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">John Anderson<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Camelon<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Weaver<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Life<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">John Barr<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Condorrat<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Weaver<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">14 years<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">William Clackson<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Glasgow<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Shoemaker<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">14 years<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 27.15pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 108.05pt;" valign="top" width="144">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">James Clelland<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 81.9pt;" valign="top" width="109">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Glasgow<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 98.45pt;" valign="top" width="131">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Blacksmith<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 67.2pt;" valign="top" width="90">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Life<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 27.15pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 108.05pt;" valign="top" width="144">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Andrew Dawson<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 81.9pt;" valign="top" width="109">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Camelon<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 98.45pt;" valign="top" width="131">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Nailer<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 67.2pt;" valign="top" width="90">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Life<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 27.15pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">6<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 108.05pt;" valign="top" width="144">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Robert Gray<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 81.9pt;" valign="top" width="109">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Glasgow<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 98.45pt;" valign="top" width="131">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Weaver<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 67.2pt;" valign="top" width="90">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Life<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 27.15pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 108.05pt;" valign="top" width="144">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Alexander Hart<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 81.9pt;" valign="top" width="109">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Glasgow<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 98.45pt;" valign="top" width="131">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Cabinet-maker<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 67.2pt;" valign="top" width="90">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">14 years<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 27.15pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 108.05pt;" valign="top" width="144">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Alexander Johnston<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 81.9pt;" valign="top" width="109">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Glasgow<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 98.45pt;" valign="top" width="131">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Weaver<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 67.2pt;" valign="top" width="90">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">14 years<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 27.15pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 108.05pt;" valign="top" width="144">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Alexander Latimer<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 81.9pt;" valign="top" width="109">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Glasgow<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 98.45pt;" valign="top" width="131">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Weaver<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 67.2pt;" valign="top" width="90">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">14 years<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 27.15pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">10<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 108.05pt;" valign="top" width="144">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Thomas McCulloch<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 81.9pt;" valign="top" width="109">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Glasgow<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 98.45pt;" valign="top" width="131">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Stocking-Weaver<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 67.2pt;" valign="top" width="90">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">14 years<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 27.15pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">11<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 108.05pt;" valign="top" width="144">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Thomas McFarlane<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 81.9pt;" valign="top" width="109">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Condorrat<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 98.45pt;" valign="top" width="131">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Weaver<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 67.2pt;" valign="top" width="90">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Life<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 27.15pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">12<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 108.05pt;" valign="top" width="144">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">John McMillan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 81.9pt;" valign="top" width="109">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Camelon<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 98.45pt;" valign="top" width="131">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Nailer<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 67.2pt;" valign="top" width="90">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Life<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
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<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 27.15pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">13<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 108.05pt;" valign="top" width="144">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Benjamin Moir<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 81.9pt;" valign="top" width="109">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Glasgow<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 98.45pt;" valign="top" width="131">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Labourer<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 67.2pt;" valign="top" width="90">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">14 years<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 27.15pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">14<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 108.05pt;" valign="top" width="144">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Allan Murchie<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 81.9pt;" valign="top" width="109">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Glasgow<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 98.45pt;" valign="top" width="131">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Blacksmith<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 67.2pt;" valign="top" width="90">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Life<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 27.15pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">15<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 108.05pt;" valign="top" width="144">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Thomas Pike or Pink<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 81.9pt;" valign="top" width="109">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Glasgow<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 98.45pt;" valign="top" width="131">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Muslin Slinger<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 67.2pt;" valign="top" width="90">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">14 years<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 27.15pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">16<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 108.05pt;" valign="top" width="144">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">William Smith<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 81.9pt;" valign="top" width="109">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Glasgow<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 98.45pt;" valign="top" width="131">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Weaver<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 67.2pt;" valign="top" width="90">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">14 years<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 27.15pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">17<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 108.05pt;" valign="top" width="144">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">David Thompson<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 81.9pt;" valign="top" width="109">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Glasgow<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 98.45pt;" valign="top" width="131">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Weaver<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 67.2pt;" valign="top" width="90">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">14 years<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 27.15pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">18<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 108.05pt;" valign="top" width="144">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Andrew White<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 81.9pt;" valign="top" width="109">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Glasgow<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 98.45pt;" valign="top" width="131">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Bookbinder<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 67.2pt;" valign="top" width="90">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">14 years<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
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<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 27.15pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">19<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 108.05pt;" valign="top" width="144">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">James Wright<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 81.9pt;" valign="top" width="109">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Glasgow <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 98.45pt;" valign="top" width="131">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Tailor<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 67.2pt;" valign="top" width="90">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">14 years<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://www.electricscotland.com/history/1820/appendix7.htm" target="_blank">The Scottish Radicals</a></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
One of the radicals sentenced at Stirling was weaver, <a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/anderson-john-1704" target="_blank">John Anderson</a>, the son of John Anderson and Janet Stean, born in the 1790s at Camelon near Falkirk in Stirling. His crime was pasting up political posters. He pleaded guilty and his sentence was Life.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The activists were taken to Edinburgh and were kept on a prison hulk until they departed on the ‘Speke’ arriving in Sydney in May 1821.</div>
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<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjA6Ys-0nEO-Zt-tZZwQWTtPIlBmHhHpTrlT4a2BdLUT1S3vH_3M4XF3PckERECZgBWzX6jwoIyNU_ocTdaGBESTiqD3A8Jd_rjxZZDYzGPdueNpHjPtIzR-8iEEEKStXBem6WzJjtlxuM/s1600/ebenezer+church.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="960" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjA6Ys-0nEO-Zt-tZZwQWTtPIlBmHhHpTrlT4a2BdLUT1S3vH_3M4XF3PckERECZgBWzX6jwoIyNU_ocTdaGBESTiqD3A8Jd_rjxZZDYzGPdueNpHjPtIzR-8iEEEKStXBem6WzJjtlxuM/s320/ebenezer+church.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ebenezer Chucrh and graveyard. Photo: M. Nichols</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The indent describes John as short of stature, he stood 5’ 3½” high with brown hair and hazel eyes. Shortly after John's arrival he was employed by <a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/lord-simeon-2371" target="_blank">Simeon Lord</a> (1771-1840), emancipated convict and entrepreneur. He was employed by Lord until 1823 when he found employment as a teacher at Ebenezer Church, on the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawkesbury_River" target="_blank">Hawkesbury River</a>. Whilst growing up, John had been given a reasonable education at the local parish school, he could read and wrote a refined copperplate. </div>
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<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Classes were conducted for local children shortly after the sandstone church, constructed by the Coromandel settlers in 1809, opened. Lessons were conducted in one half of the church. A separate residence was built adjacent to the church, for the schoolmaster. </div>
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<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Another of the radicals, Thomas McCulloch wrote a letter to his wife in 1821 encouraging her to apply as a free settler. He wrote, “This is a fine country, and will grow anything that will grow in any other country, and in general have three crops a year.” </div>
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<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
In the mid-1830s William IV granted absolute pardon to the rebels, John's pardon was published in the Sydney Gazette 3 November 1836.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Sydney Gazette 3 November 1836</td></tr>
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In 1834 John’s sister, Mrs Christiana Stephenson arrived from Scotland and joined him at the Hawkesbury. With his sister acting as housekeeper, several students were able to board at the school. Apparently, the “chapel was partitioned and at one end had an upper floor where Mrs Stephenson and the girls were quartered.” . It was recorded that Anderson was a “burning and shining light of scholarship on the Hawkesbury for many years” and some of his pupils went on to fill important positions.</div>
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When he was in his early sixties, John married Lucy Watson at Ebenezer in 1854. Lucy was the daughter of shipwright James Watson and was apparently a much younger woman.</div>
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Anderson had a reasonable knowledge of music and acted as Ebenezer’s precentor, the person who led the congregation in its singing at the church. After devoting himself to teaching at Ebenezer for over thirty years at Ebenezer, Anderson retired in July 1855. A well-liked member of the community, he was held in high regard and he was given a presentation and a purse of twenty-eight sovereigns as part of his retirement.</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Family Notices from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article13013514" target="_blank">The Sydney Morning Herald 7 August 1858</a></td></tr>
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John Anderson died at Ebenezer aged 65 years on 16 July 1858 and his death notice proudly states his participation in the Bonnymuir political uprising. John is buried in the churchyard where his wife erected a fitting headstone to his memory. More recently a monument was constructed at Bonnymuir in Scotland in memory of those who fought for their democratic right.</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Anderson grave at Ebenezer. Photo: Jonathan Auld 2016</td></tr>
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<b>Sources:</b></div>
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Margaret & Alastair Macfarlane, The Scottish radicals : tried and transported to Australia for treason in 1820, p. 21 (Stevenage, Hertfordshire : Spa Books, 1981)</div>
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<a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article60851871" target="_blank">Family Notices (1868, March 31). Empire, p. </a>1. </div>
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<a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article13158499" target="_blank">Family Notices (1868, March 30). The Sydney Morning Herald, p.</a> 1. </div>
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<a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/anderson-john-1704/text184" target="_blank">A. J. Gray, 'Anderson, John (1790–1858)', Australian Dictionary of Biography,</a> National Centre of Biography, Australian National University </div>
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NSW BDM - ANDERSON JOHN 5763/1858 Parents listed as JOHN & JANET. Registered at WINDSOR </div>
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<br />Michelle Nicholshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13895788284533270333noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3786831729193456157.post-51294935306346868132017-05-21T23:46:00.001+10:002017-05-21T23:47:15.772+10:00The Sundial at Wilberforce<span style="text-align: justify;">On the northernmost wall of Wilberforce’s St. John’s Anglican Church is a vertical sundial with the initials J.W. and the date 1859. Who was J.W. and what was the significance of the year?</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: 10.0pt;"><b>The
vertical sundial carved by John Wenban. Photo: M. Nichols</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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A sundial tells the time of day from the position of the sun, and the one at Wilberforce was carved by John Wenban, the local schoolmaster, to commemorate the consecration of St. John’s Church by the Bishop of Sydney, Mr Barker. </div>
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Wheelwright John Wenban was from Hawkhurst, Kent, and accompanied by wife Mary and six children migrated to Australia in 1838. The couple had seven children but eight months prior to departure, their infant son Walter died. The family travelled on-board the immigrant ship the <i><a href="http://srwww.records.nsw.gov.au/ebook/list.asp?Page=NRS5313/4_4780/Maitland_5%20Nov%201838/4_478000080.jpg&No=2" target="_blank">“Maitland”</a></i> which recorded over thirty deaths throughout the voyage, mainly from typhus and scarlet fever. Heavily pregnant throughout the journey, Mary delivered her eighth child, Emily, five weeks after landing. Two more daughters were born in Wilberforce.</div>
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On arrival John was employed by Mr McDonald at Pitt Town and then later moved his family to Wilberforce. In 1842, he was appointed as the Schoolmaster of the Parochial School at Wilberforce, replacing William Gow, the first schoolmaster and Parish Clerk. Classes were conducted at the Wilberforce Schoolhouse, built in 1819 at the request of Governor Lachlan Macquarie, and operated as a school during the week and a church on Sundays. As well as occupying the position of schoolmaster, John was appointed Parish Clerk. He also was a musician, providing music to accompany hymns for church services. The organ was not purchased until the 1870s. </div>
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In 1846 a committee was established to plan a new church in Wilberforce. The public were asked to make donations towards the cost of the building. John Wenban donated £3/3/- to the building fund. Money was raised and plans were drawn by architect Edmund Blacket, however it was 1856 before the foundation stone was laid. The exact date the church was completed is not known but it was consecrated in 1859. </div>
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One evening in late November 1859, as the Wenban family was returning home in a spring-cart, an accident transpired. While turning a corner near the Wenban home, one of the wheels hit a pot-hole and John was thrown out. The horse bolted and the cart overturned with two of the children also severely injured. Twenty minutes after the accident, John succumbed to his severely fractured skull. The <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article13033969" target="_blank"><i>Sydney Morning Herald</i> 5 Dec 1859</a> reported the accident,</div>
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FATAL ACCIDENT AND MAGISTERIAL INQUIRY<br />
On Sunday evening last, just after sundown, Mr. John Wenban and family, of Wilberforce, were returning home in a spring-cart. In turning a corner, near his own house, one of the wheels of the cart went into a hole; the vehicle gave a sudden jerk, and Mr. Wenban was thrown out with great violence on the ground. The horse immediately became unmanageable, when the eldest daughter of Mr. Wenban jumped out and caught him by the head, but was unable to hold him. The animal then bolted off, and capsized the vehicle with three of the children underneath. Soon afterwards the horse got away from his harness, but not until two of the children were severely hurt. Mr. Wenban's skull was so severely fractured that he expired in about twenty minutes after the fall. A magisterial inquiry into the cause of death took place before Dr. Day, J P. (in the absence of the coroner) on the following day, when the foregoing facts were elicited - Mr. Wenban had filled the office of Church of England teacher at Wilberforce for several years, and was much respected by the inhabitants, very many of whom sorrowfully followed his remains to their final resting place on Wednesday.</blockquote>
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An enquiry was held the following day with Dr Day acting as coroner. Aged only 56, John Wenban was buried in the local cemetery, a sad loss for his large family and the community.</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>John
Wenban’s headstone at Wilberforce Cemetery. Photo: M. Nichols</b></td></tr>
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Mary died on 30 August 1883 in her 77th year at her daughter’s home in Richmond. She was supposedly buried at Wilberforce however there is some dispute about this.</div>
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Notice in <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article28369775" target="_blank"><i>Sydney Morning Herald </i>1 Sep 1884</a> <o:p></o:p></div>
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Today the sundial can still be seen on the outside wall of St. John's Church, reminding us of John Wenban’s contribution. </div>
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Michelle Nicholshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13895788284533270333noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3786831729193456157.post-89410540301479508962017-05-09T22:48:00.002+10:002017-05-09T22:55:12.736+10:00Alfred Stearn, a man of quiet ways <div style="text-align: justify;">
When able seaman Alfred Charles Stearn arrived in Sydney as part of the crew on the sailing ship <i>“David Brown”</i> in 1877, he liked what he saw and chose to remain. </div>
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Alfred was born in London in 1857 and with his limited education elected to go to sea. After arriving in Sydney he found work in an oyster saloon and regularly visited Windsor in his spare time. He was fond of Windsor and eventually moved to the town, where he established the Windsor Oyster Saloon which also sold prawns several days a week. In 1881, he married Mary Jane Mills in Sydney. Mary was born at Rouse Hill, the daughter of James Mills although she was adopted by James and Cecilia Hough as a baby, when her mother died. At the time of his marriage, Alfred’s occupation was recorded as an oyster and fish salesman. The couple had five children, Alfred James, Elysse Marie and William Oswald with Clara and Erich dying as infants. </div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Alfred Stearn’s shop, 74 George Street Windsor. <br />
Detail from postcard, personal collection</td></tr>
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Eventually he expanded his business to include a general store situated in George Street where he was able to offer a wide selection of goods and services. During the 1880s he held a hawker's license, allowing him to travel around selling goods. Later, Alfred purchased land in Thompson Square opposite the Macquarie Arms Hotel, and constructed a shop with a residence above. It was two-storey with a cast iron verandah, and the parapet was decorated with a lion. Officially opened in August 1907, the building still stands today at number 74. In the new store, Alfred continued to conduct his grocery business, as well as selling fancy goods and produce. The business also sold tobacco, fireworks, musical instruments, jewellery, optical glasses and insurance.</div>
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Stearn was described as, <i>“Good-hearted and generous natured, he was one of the fine old type of Englishmen, but he loved the country of his adoption.”</i> On every patriotic occasion he flew a selection of flags and was an admirer of the Monarchy and Empire plus a respected member of the local Masonic Lodge.</div>
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With a love of music, he often sang in concerts and musicals in Windsor and was a committee member of the Windsor School of Arts.</div>
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His death on 14 June 1925 was quick. He <i>“came out to the front of his shop at about 10.30 o'clock where he collapsed and fell on the footpath. He died almost immediately.”</i> His lengthy obituary appeared in the <i><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article85902788" target="_blank">Windsor & Richmond Gazette</a></i>, partially duplicated below. At the time he was aged 68 years old. Alfred was buried in St. Matthews Anglican cemetery, Windsor. In his memory, flags were flown at half-mast in Thompson Square, as well as at the Fire Station and McQuade Park. Mary Stearn and her children were staunch Catholics. She died in 1940 aged 76 years and is buried in the <a href="http://www.hawkesbury.net.au/cemetery/windsor_catholic/index.html" target="_blank">Windsor Catholic Cemetery.</a> Her husband Alfred was known as <i>“a man of quiet ways and dealings — inoffensive and unassuming” </i>an honest and respected resident of Windsor, the likes of whom not often seen today.</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Obituary from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article85902788" target="_blank">Windsor & Richmond Gazette 10 June 1925</a>, p. 3</td></tr>
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Today, Stearn’s shop, 74 George Street Windsor houses Windsor Seafoods.</div>
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Michelle Nicholshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13895788284533270333noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3786831729193456157.post-24909465865917669552016-12-08T00:44:00.000+11:002016-12-09T12:14:48.999+11:00Pictorial History Hawkesbury - revised, reprinted & for sale<div style="text-align: justify;">
<i>Pictorial History Hawkesbury</i> by Michelle Nichols has recently been revised and reprinted and is once again, available for sale.</div>
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To purchase an autographed copy $25.00 + $10 P&H go to <a href="https://drive.google.com/open?id=0BzstEwsYMD1zOVNmVnJkdkJEVW8" target="_blank">Order Form</a> For orders of 2-5 copies 5% discount and P&H $15. Copies are also available to pick up in Windsor or Richmond, please contact the author 0408 694 919. Copies are also available from <a href="http://www.winery.tizzana.com.au/contact.html" target="_blank">Tizzana Winery</a> at Ebenezer and most bookstores.</div>
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The Hawkesbury district was originally occupied by the Darug and Darkinjung tribes and following European settlement in the 1790s the Hawkesbury district developed into one of the major settlements in the colony. Many Australians can trace their origins, both convict and free, to this district and many descendants still live in this historic region.</div>
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Chapters of the book cover:</div>
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<li style="text-align: justify;">Setting the scene</li>
<li style="text-align: justify;">Original Occupants</li>
<li style="text-align: justify;">Exploration & early European Settlement </li>
<li style="text-align: justify;">Macquarie Five Towns</li>
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The publication also includes a history of Hawkesbury localities which extend from Bilpin, Colo, Ebenezer, Kurrajong, Mount Tomah, Pitt Town, Richmond, Wilberforce, Windsor, St Albans and Wisemans Ferry illustrated with almost 200 black and white historic photographs giving a fascinating overview of the history of the area from Aboriginal to modern times.</div>
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Michelle Nichols has worked as a Local History Librarian for over 30 years. She published <i>'Disastrous Decade: Flood & Fire in Windsor'</i> in 2001 and co-authored <i>'Hawkesbury 1794-1994' </i>with Jan Barkley Jack. She has been the editor of several journals as well as the<i> 'Hawkesbury Pioneer Register 1 & 2.'</i> Michelle received an OAM for her work on local history. A keen photographer, she transcribes <a href="http://www.hawkesbury.net.au/cemetery/" target="_blank">Hawkesbury cemeteries</a> with her husband, Jonathan Auld. </div>
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This is part of a series of pictorial histories and is also available for sale through the publisher <a href="http://www.kingsclearbooks.com.au/hawkes.html" target="_blank">Kingsclear Books </a></div>
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ISBN 0-908272-78-2Michelle Nicholshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13895788284533270333noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3786831729193456157.post-66453688444853014432016-11-28T23:29:00.000+11:002016-11-28T23:29:33.248+11:00Death of an astronomer: Hawkesbury's John Tebbutt 1834-1916<div style="text-align: justify;">
On this day, 100 years ago (29 November 1916) astronomer John Tebbutt, passed away. In Australia he was known for his devotion to astronomy yet internationally he was greatly admired. Tebbutt’s observations assisted in advancing astronomy throughout the world yet he rarely left the Hawkesbury. </div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>John Tebbutt at the Pensinsular Observatory, Windsor 1915 [Source: Early Days of Windsor by J. Steele, 1916]</b></td></tr>
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The son of John and Virginia Tebbutt, John was born in Windsor on 25 May 1834. His grandfather, also called John, arrived in Sydney as a free settler with his family on the <i>‘Nile’</i> in 1801. Soon after their arrival in the Hawkesbury, the family purchased properties and established businesses. In the 1840s Tebbutt’s father, purchased land on the Peninsula near South Creek and built a two-storey house.</div>
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Educated in Windsor, it was parish clerk Edward Quaife, who instilled in the young John Tebbutt a love of astronomy. Tebbutt was later taught by the Presbyterian minister, Reverend Matthew Adam, then Reverend Henry Stiles the Anglican minister. He was tutored in the classics including Latin and Greek and in later years, taught himself French and German. To work in the field of astronomy an understanding of not only science, but also higher mathematics was required. Tebbutt was fascinated with all types of machines and studied various mechanisms as well as steam engines. </div>
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With his aptitude for astronomy, Tebbutt purchased his first instrument, a marine sextant in 1853. With advice from John Stiles a retired Royal Navy midshipman and brother of his tutor, Tebbutt commenced his examination of the skies in earnest. The results of one of his earliest observations appeared in the <i>‘Sydney Morning Herald’</i> in 1854. </div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Tebbutt's letter to the Editor,</b> <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article12955200" target="_blank"><i>Sydney Morning Herald</i> 13 May 1854, p. 5</a>. </td></tr>
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Tebbutt also prepared detailed observations of the <a href="http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/D/Donatis_Comet.html" target="_blank">Donati comet</a> which was discovered in 1858.</div>
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In 1857, Tebbutt married <a href="http://www.tizzana.com.au/familyhistory/nichols/p26.htm#i1025" target="_blank">Jane Pendergast</a> at St. Matthew's Anglican Church, Windsor. The couple who made their home in Windsor, had six daughters and one son. Tebbutt was a deeply religious man, and a member of the St. Matthew’s Anglican congregation. Tebbutt had expressed that, <i>"The truth shall make humanity free whether it be religious or scientific and we scientists have to fight for that freedom."</i></div>
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In the early days Tebbutt’s instruments were simple but in 1861 he purchased a refracting telescope and the following year, a set of meteorological instruments. In later years he was able to purchase more substantial telescopes and equipment. He meticulously recorded meteorological statistics and Hawkesbury River flood levels throughout his life. During 1861 he discovered the Great Comet which gave him international recognition then twenty years later discovered the Great Comet of 1881. When <a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/scott-william-4551" target="_blank">William Scott (1825–1917)</a> the first government astronomer resigned in 1862, Tebbutt was offered the position however he declined in order to concentrate on his own efforts. Despite not accepting the position he was still considered as one of Australia’s foremost astronomers by his international peers, which caused some repercussions throughout his career. </div>
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Tebbutt built the first of several observatories on the family property in 1863. This building constructed by Tebbutt himself, was wooden with a slate roof, and included a transit room. The following year he purchased a transit instrument and a chronometer. In 1874 he built a circular building, a few metres from his original observatory, to house his 4½ inch equatorial telescope. To assist with his observations, he purchased a Dublin made, Grubb 8 inch equatorial refractor. In 1879 an extensive brick observatory was constructed on the property. It included a meridian room, a fire proof office which contained a library. An Equatorial room was built in 1894 replacing the older wooden building. </div>
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Tebbutt’s consistent observations and astronomical computations were highly regarded by his international colleagues and assisted in progressing astronomy worldwide. In 1867 he received the silver medal of the Paris Universal Exhibition for his paper on the Progress of Astronomy in NSW. Tebbutt was elected a member of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1873 for his contribution to astronomy and when the B<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Astronomical_Association" target="_blank">ritish Astronomical Association</a> formed the NSW Branch in 1895, Tebbutt was elected as the founding president. For his service to astronomy in Australia he was awarded the prestigious <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jackson-Gwilt_Medal" target="_blank">Hannah Jackson nee Gwilt gift and bronze medal</a> from the Royal Astronomical Society, London in 1905<i> “for his important observations of comets and double stars, and his long-continued service to astronomy in Australia, extending over half a century.” </i>Aged seventy he retired from his routine recordings but maintained his interest in astronomy. </div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">This can be read <a href="https://archive.org/details/historyanddescr00nsgoog" target="_blank">online</a></td></tr>
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During his career he published almost 400 articles. He also published the <i>“History and description of Mr. Tebbutt's observatory, Windsor”</i> and <i>"Astronomical Memoirs".</i> The following year, despite his retirement, Tebbutt observed and recorded <a href="http://www.space.com/19878-halleys-comet.html" target="_blank">Halley’s Comet.</a></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>View of Tebbutt's vault at St. Matthew's Anglican Cemetery, Windsor and inset below</b></td></tr>
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John Tebbutt died on 29 November 1916, aged eighty-two, after being unwell for a few weeks. His cause of death was recorded as cerebral paralysis. His funeral was held in Windsor’s St. Matthew's Anglican Church and was reported as one of the largest ever held in the Hawkesbury. The prominent astronomer was buried in a vault which he personally designed and had constructed several years before his death. The four corners mark the four points of the compasses and are topped with a globe with longitudinal and latitudinal lines. It rained heavily on the day of the funeral. His coffin travelled by hearse to the church followed by mourning coaches carrying the family, long lines of pedestrians, horsemen and motor cars. </div>
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During the service, Rev Fielding paid tribute to Tebbutt, <i>"one of the most eminent Australians” and noted that “perhaps his character and his remarkable work were not appreciated in their true value in the town…where he spent the whole of his long life.”</i> Many important citizens travelled to Windsor to join with family and the local community to bid farewell to the gifted astronomer. </div>
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After his death, Tebbutt continued to receive accolades. The <a href="http://www.iau.org/" target="_blank">International Astronomical Union </a>renamed a lunar crater on the moon in 1973 to commemorate his achievements. Tebbutt also appeared on the first Australian <a href="https://www.therightnote.com.au/articles/stories-behind-the-faces-part-2-john-tebbutt/" target="_blank">$100 banknote</a> in 1984, this was replaced in 1996. </div>
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Hawkesbury Council acquired his <a href="http://collections.museumvictoria.com.au/articles/2848" target="_blank">Grubb</a> telescope many years ago, and it is on loan to Tebbutt’s observatory. Descendants still live on the property where the original house alongside two of Tebbutt’s remaining observatories. His globe is on display in <a href="http://www.hawkesbury.nsw.gov.au/services/places-and-facilities/cultural/hawkesbury-regional-museum" target="_blank">Hawkesbury Regional Museum</a>. A distinguished astronomer, John Tebbutt remains a name respected amongst eminent stargazers. </div>
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In 1984, Hawkesbury Council reprinted Tebbutt's 1908 <i>"Astronomical Memoirs" </i>- this was the same year the $100 banknote was introduced. It is still available for sale at <a href="http://www.hawkesbury.nsw.gov.au/services/places-and-facilities/cultural/hawkesbury-city-council-library" target="_blank">Hawkesbury Library.</a></div>
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Sources</div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">LATE MR. JOHN TEBBUTT. <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article15679129" target="_blank">(1916, December 2). The Sydney Morning Herald</a> (NSW : 1842 - 1954), p. 14. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">ASTRONOMER DEAD. <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article15700296" target="_blank">(1916, November 30). The Sydney Morning Herald</a> (NSW : 1842 - 1954), p. 8. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">DEATH OF MR. JOHN TEBBUTT <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article85879574" target="_blank">(1916, December 8). Windsor & Richmond Gazette</a> (NSW : 1888 - 1954), p. 2. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">VALE! JOHN TEBBUTT (<a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article85881098" target="_blank">1916, December 15). Windsor & Richmond Gazette</a> (NSW : 1888 - 1954), p. 2.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">Harley Wood, <a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/tebbutt-john-4696/text7779" target="_blank">'Tebbutt, John (1834–1916)', Australian Dictionary of Biography</a>, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, , published first in hardcopy 1976, accessed online 28 November 2016</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">Biographical Entry, <a href="http://www.eoas.info/biogs/P000826b.htm#arc-resources" target="_blank">John Tebbutt (1834 - 1916) </a></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.eoas.info/biogs/P000826b.htm#arc-resources" target="_blank">from Encyclopedia of Australian Science</a> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;">Archival and </span><span style="font-size: x-small;">Published Resources </span></div>
Michelle Nicholshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13895788284533270333noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3786831729193456157.post-37954559073000074562016-10-14T01:36:00.001+11:002016-10-14T01:36:24.418+11:00ELIZA KINGSWOOD: A CENTENARIAN<div style="text-align: justify;">
An elderly lady passed away in Richmond during Easter in 1893. This was not just any woman, but one that had caught the media attention in the 1890s. Mrs Eliza Kingswood was apparently 103 years of age when she passed away in Richmond. Who was this remarkable woman and what was her story?</div>
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Born Eliza McNamara around 1790, she was apparently born in Ireland.. She became the wife of Sgt. John Kingswood. A soldier who had participated in the <a href="http://www.worldology.com/Europe/napoleonic_wars.htm" target="_blank">Continental War</a> in 1815, however not in the Battle of Waterloo. The couple eventually arrived in Australia in the 1820s. </div>
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<i>“A much respected soldier”</i> - John and his wife settled in the Kurrajong district, where they grew maize. They then moved to Richmond and lived in a property in March Street. They had one daughter, Mary who was born in the late 1820s. In 1845, Mary married Richard Gow 1822-1889. Richard was the eldest son of convict William Gow 1797-1872 and Maria Dunston 1807-1865. They had at least one son, Francis John, who was born in the Hawkesbury in 1847. Regrettably <a href="http://www.hawkesbury.net.au/cemetery/windsor_catholic/wwcc875.html" target="_blank">Mary</a> died 24 October 1865, aged 36 years old. She was buried at the <a href="http://www.hawkesbury.net.au/cemetery/windsor_catholic/index.html" target="_blank">Catholic Cemetery in Windsor</a>. Her <a href="http://www.hawkesbury.net.au/cemetery/windsor_catholic/wwcc876.html" target="_blank">headstone</a> (pictured below) indicates that she may have been ill for a long period prior to her death. It states: </div>
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<i>Sickness sore long time I bore</i></div>
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<i>Physicians was in vain</i></div>
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<i>Till God did please to give me ease</i></div>
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<i>And free me from my pain.</i></div>
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<span style="text-align: justify;">Mary’s husband, Richard Gow, died on 7 October 1889 in Cudgegong. Despite the early death of their daughter Mary in 1865, both John and Eliza lived on </span><span style="text-align: justify;">in March-street, Richmond</span><span style="text-align: justify;">. John Kingswood reached the ripe old age of 95 years old, </span><span style="text-align: justify;">and passed away in January 1887. The <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article115446025" target="_blank">Freemans Journal</a> reported that "</span><span style="text-align: justify;">Another Good Old Colonist Gone." It stated that</span><span style="text-align: justify;"> John Kingswood died at the residence of his grandson, Mr F. J. Gow,</span></div>
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New South Wales has lost one of its very oldest colonists, and one who has won the highest respect of his neighbours. Mr. Kingswood, who had reached the grand old age of 95 years, came to the colony with his wife (who survives him, although she is also 95 years old) in 1826. The good old gentleman preserved all his faculties up to the last, and until attacked by the short illness which carried him off, was able to attend to his ordinary business affairs. Mrs. Kingswood is a fine example of an old lady who has led a simple life, and now, at the age of 95, is as clear in intellect as she ever was.</blockquote>
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Eliza Kingswood celebrated her 100th birthday and at the time it was recorded that <i>“her sight and intellect were unimpaired</i>” and she did not require spectacles for reading and was still reasonably mobile. Yet when aged 98 years, Eliza was interviewed for a popular magazine, and although possessing all her mental faculties was not so physical active. Obviously the media liked to stretch the truth, even in those days. The article from the <a href="http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/71202352" target="_blank">Australian Town & Country Journal 6 August 1892</a> states:</div>
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…Elizabeth Kingswood, 98 years of age, whom I interviewed. Her lower limbs are partially paralysed, otherwise she is as healthy as possible. She is constantly reading, and can read the smallest print without the aid of glasses. She informed me that previous to five years ago she required glasses, but not feeling the need of them, owing to either the loss or breakage of her pair, she has done without them ever since. She stated she went to Monarco[sic] with her parents about 1801 ; she was then between 6 and 7 years of age. Her father was a soldier, and served in the Battle of the Nile. Her husband was a sergeant in the 57th Regiment, which was known as the "Die Hards." They used to live in the old barracks, now Wynyard Square, Sydney. </blockquote>
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Eliza lived for another three years, and died aged 103 years in Bosworth Street, Richmond. Her death, on the 2nd April 1893, was recorded in numerous newspapers including local newspapers as well as <i>Australian Town and Country Journal, Singleton Argus, Clarence and Richmond Examiner, the Sydney Morning Herald </i>and even <i>Broken Hill’s Barrier Miner</i>. The cause of death was recorded on her death certificate as diarrhoea and exhaustion, both treatable but disastrous for an elderly person. She was ill for a week and seen to by Dr. W. M. Helsham of Richmond, furthermore on her last day on earth. </div>
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Eliza was buried on the 4 April 1893 at the Catholic Cemetery in Windsor. The service was taken by Rev. E Hanrahan and William Tomkinson was the Undertaker. The details of her death appeared in numerous newspapers and an obituary was published in the <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16455247" target="_blank">Windsor & Richmond Gazette, 8 April 1893</a>, and read:</div>
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An old lady, who has been a resident of the district for many years, passed away on Easter Sunday night at 10 o'clock, at Richmond, at the advanced age of 103 years. Deceased was grandmother to Mr F. J. Gow partner in the well-known firm of John Bridge and Co., and was the relict of the late Mr, John Kingswood, an old soldier, who died about 10 years ago at the advanced age of 95 years. Deceased and her husband first came to reside at Kurrajong, and after living some years there, came to Richmond and built a house for themselves in Francis-street, where they resided several years. Here Mr. Kingswood died. When deceased's grandson, Mr. Gow, went to reside in Sydney, he tried to induce deceased to accompany him, but as she desired to remain in the town of her adoption, she was placed under the care of Mrs. Cashel and family, Richmond, where she remained until her death. Deceased had one daughter, mothers Mr. F. J. Gow, who died many years ago. Notwithstanding her great age, Mrs. Kingswood experienced excellent health up to the time of her death; enjoying her meals heartily. She was however unable to walk about or use her hands for the past few years. Deceased had marvelous eyesight, and right up to the last was able to read small print without the aid of spectacles, a fact which somewhat surprised her medical attendant, Dr. Helsham. The funeral took place on Tuesday afternoon at Windsor, at 4 o'clock, her remains were interred in the R. C. Cemetery. There were not many present owing to most people being away from home at Easter-time. Mr. Tompkinson carried out the duties of undertaker, and gave satisfaction. </blockquote>
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The headstone in the <a href="http://www.hawkesbury.net.au/cemetery/windsor_catholic/index.html" target="_blank">Catholic Cemetery at Windsor</a> also records the death of <a href="http://www.hawkesbury.net.au/cemetery/windsor_catholic/index.html" target="_blank">Marjorie Mary Gow</a> a four month old baby. Marjorie was the daughter of Francis and Clara and died the 24 August 1898 aged 16 weeks. Her death was registered in Woollahra. By this time, Francis and his family were living in the Eastern Suburbs and he was working as a produce merchants. </div>
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Francis Gow passed away in 1928 aged 81 years. He lived at ‘Maybourne Lodge’ Cook Road, Centennial Park. He worked for many years at John Bridge & Co. in Sussex Street but in 1929, he was a director of the Hotel Sydney Ltd. and the Ranelagh Hotel in Robertson. He was <i>“survived by a widow, two daughters, and five sons. The funeral took place at Waverley Cemetery.”</i> </div>
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Sources:</div>
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<span style="font-size: 12px;">Reminiscences of Richmond : from the forties down / by "Cooramill" [Samuel Boughton] & Cathy McHardy (2010) p. 154</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12px;">Inscription from the Cemetery Register. Windsor Catholic Cemetery from Hawkesbury on the Net <a href="http://www.hawkesbury.net.au/cemetery/windsor_catholic/wwcc876.html" target="_blank">http://www.hawkesbury.net.au/cemetery/windsor_catholic/wwcc876.html </a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12px;">Family Notices. (1887, January 26). The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954), p. 1. Retrieved November 17, 2012, from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article28353709">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article28353709</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12px;">DEATH OF A CENTENARIAN . (1893, April 6). The Advertiser (Adelaide, SA : 1889 - 1931), p. 5. Retrieved November 17, 2012, from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article25649191">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article25649191</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12px;">Richmond. (1892, August 6). Australian Town and Country Journal (NSW : 1870 - 1907), p. 28. Retrieved November 17, 2012, from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article71202352">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article71202352</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12px;">Australian Town and Country Journal (1893, April 15). p. 17 retrieved from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article71197691">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article71197691</a> </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12px;">Singleton Argus (1893, April 8), p. 1 <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article8245421">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article8245421</a>7</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12px;">Clarence and Richmond Examiner (1893, April 8) p. 5 <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article61250133">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article61250133</a> </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12px;">Sydney Morning Herald (1893, April 17) p. 8 <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article13928940">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article13928940</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12px;">Death of a Centenarian. (1893, April 8). Windsor and Richmond Gazette (NSW : 1888 - 1954), p. 10. Retrieved November 17, 2012, from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article72546529">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article72546529</a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-size: 12px;">Town Gossip. (1898, September 10). Windsor and Richmond Gazette (NSW : 1888 - 1954), p. 3. Retrieved November 17, 2012, from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article66438869">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article66438869</a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-size: 12px;">OBITUARY. (1928, April 6). The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954), p. 4. Retrieved from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16455247">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16455247</a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">MR. O'RYAN'S LECTURE ON EMMET. (1887, January 29). Freeman's Journal (Sydney, NSW : 1850 - 1932), p. 15. Retrieved October 14, 2016, from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article115446025">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article115446025</a></span></div>
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Michelle Nicholshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13895788284533270333noreply@blogger.com9tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3786831729193456157.post-24925490376476004942016-08-07T00:14:00.000+10:002016-08-07T00:14:05.395+10:00Chandler's - the undertaking family in Windsor<div style="text-align: justify;">
James William Chandler was born in Windsor in 1859, the son of James Samson Chandler & Esther Bradley. At the time the family were living in a house on corner of Macquarie and Suffolk Streets. When James was aged fourteen he was apprenticed as a cabinet maker in Newtown (Sydney) with his brother John. About eight years later, the two brothers returned to Windsor to set up a business. After a time the business was dissolved and John moved to Katoomba where he “prospered as a cabinet-maker and undertaker and acquired valuable properties.” John eventually sold his business to Wood, Coffill and Company. </div>
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In the 1880s James expanded his cabinet-making business with undertaking. The business was certified to embalm and prepare bodies for burial and he also built coffins. He also would have transported the coffins to the church for the funeral and to the cemetery for burial. Chandler's was one of the most recognised undertaker’s business in the 19th and 20th century in Windsor. </div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKg-6BssmP0KBKrbRyQK5_3RElUjPeiIA_W4mhvtdsCp7ZH_c27GrJh39hp4hA4fR1VUoKuec2enqug5A110yUEOYM63qS3MznpKaizvP_BVtC24cSvvC3kE2WjbnaE8-NVZrykHgGzm0/s1600/Untitled.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKg-6BssmP0KBKrbRyQK5_3RElUjPeiIA_W4mhvtdsCp7ZH_c27GrJh39hp4hA4fR1VUoKuec2enqug5A110yUEOYM63qS3MznpKaizvP_BVtC24cSvvC3kE2WjbnaE8-NVZrykHgGzm0/s1600/Untitled.png" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">This advertisement is from the <i>Hawkesbury Advocate</i> 22 Dec 1899</span></td></tr>
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Marrying twice, he had eleven children. His first wife was Sarah Emmaline Goodsell (1860-1892) and the couple married in 1881. Their children included, Lillian Ann b 1881, Ernest John b 1883, Amy Bertha b 1885, Henry William b 1888 Windsor and Percy James b 1889. His second wife was Alice Hanna Slater (1865-1962) and they married in 1898. Their children were Beryl Ester b 1899, Harold Keith b 1901, Wilton Charles b 1903, Alice Martha b 1905 and Myrna Elsie b 1910. </div>
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A man of many talents he enjoyed sport and played cricket as well as music and was president of the Windsor Municipal Band. He was also a member of the Windsor Rifle Club. </div>
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James attended the Methodist Church in Windsor and was layperson for many years. He was a “prominent Oddfellow and Mason” and a member of the Hospital committee. He was community minded and was elected as an Alderman on Windsor Council. He held the position of Mayor three separate occasions in 1911-1913, 1915 and 1918. He was Mayor at the time of his death. James died 10 April 1919 at Windsor and is buried at McGraths Hill Methodist Cemetery. Cause of death was Chronic Nephritis and Albuminuria, commonly known as Bright’s disease and he died at his residence in Macquarie Street which was only about forty metres from where he was born. His parents, James, who died in 1871 and Esther who died in 1901 are also buried at McGraths Hill. Descendants of James operated the business until the 1980s. </div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitC7iN00D6hB40Jeejl-dMezth6mNdlsNEOMa0Hrn5_3ymqrUvIarl7R-ES3Pjd21CEUHBlsuUTe3_10EFV0Fc8O_wVL_-HuiraXEub6cNo5e3BNuBe3vVEKXhKBbxxU2vX-zl5fhSmuo/s1600/Untitled.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitC7iN00D6hB40Jeejl-dMezth6mNdlsNEOMa0Hrn5_3ymqrUvIarl7R-ES3Pjd21CEUHBlsuUTe3_10EFV0Fc8O_wVL_-HuiraXEub6cNo5e3BNuBe3vVEKXhKBbxxU2vX-zl5fhSmuo/s1600/Untitled.jpg" /></a></div>
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The grave of James Chandler at McGraths Hill Cemetery</div>
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Photo: M. Nichols</div>
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On his death a colleague compiled the following poem which was published in the <i><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article86150721" target="_blank">Windsor & Richmond Gazette</a> </i>shortly after his death in 1919. <i> </i></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>His day is closed, his part is played,</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>He fought the fight quite undismayed;</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>He strove to shed a ray of light,</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>Across some brother's path not bright. </i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>Did Jim Chandler.</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i><br /></i></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>His was a work of love below</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>(A friend indeed was Jim to know),</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>His quiet mien, we loved it well,</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>And all his praises each will tell </i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>Of Jim Chandler.</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i><br /></i></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>Happy hours we've spent together</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>(Oft in cold and stormy weather),</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>All for the sake of a good cause —</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>Not for the limelight nor applause —</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>Did Jim Chandler.</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i><br /></i></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>Farewell, dear brother, a long farewell,</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>We part on earth — your worth we'll tell</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>To those with us who still remain —</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>Thy life was such our loss your gain —</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>Vale Jim Chandler.</i></span><br />
[R. W. F.]<br />
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Sources:<br />
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<ul>
<li><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article86152152" target="_blank">DEATH OF WINDSOR'S MAYOR. (1919, April 18). Windsor and Richmond Gazette (NSW : 1888 - 1954) , p. 2. Retrieved August 3, 2016</a> </li>
<li><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article66368109" target="_blank">Hawkesbury Advocate 22 Dec 1899</a> <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article86152152%20%20%20Ibid." target="_blank">Retrieved August 3, 2016</a> </li>
<li> Hawkesbury Pioneer Register Vol. 2 (Hawkesbury Family History Group, 2001)</li>
<li><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article86152152%20%20%20Ibid." target="_blank">DEATH OF WINDSOR'S MAYOR. (1919, April 18). Windsor and Richmond Gazette (NSW : 1888 - 1954), p. 2. Retrieved August 3, 2016</a></li>
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<br />Michelle Nicholshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13895788284533270333noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3786831729193456157.post-85546865249826848562016-06-01T00:24:00.000+10:002016-06-01T00:26:34.298+10:00Trove Tuesday ~ Boer War Day<div style="text-align: justify;">
Boer War Day has been designated on the 31 May which is the anniversary of the signing of the Treaty of Vereeniging. Between October 1899 until May 1902 the South African War, also known as the Boer War, was fought between the Orange Free State and Boer Republics of the Transvaal.The British quickly requested assistance from the Empire and Australia responded with a large contingent.</div>
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Approximately 23,000 Australians participated in the battle. Around 1,000 lives were lost. More information about the <a href="https://www.awm.gov.au/atwar/boer/" target="_blank">Boer War </a>can be obtained from the <a href="https://www.awm.gov.au/" target="_blank">Australian War Memorial</a>.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12.8px;">Part of Boer War monument, Windsor </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12.8px;">Photo: M. Nichols</span></td></tr>
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The Hawkesbury were quick to answer the call and the following were some of the names included in the <i><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-title192" target="_blank">Windsor & Richmond Gazette</a></i> during that time. </div>
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Trooper Pallier, Trooper Hookes, Trooper E. C. Pearce, Col. Cox, Warrant Officer Sullivan, Lt. Simons, Lt. Dight, Lt. Byrne, Major Bennett, Albert Ezzy, Les Ezzy, Fred Ezzy, Walter Smith, Robert Smith, George Smith, D. Hayes, C. Alcorn, E. Day, D. Garland, M. Mitchell, T. Upton, Mr Norris (brother of Fred), Clendon Callaghan, Dr Thomas Fiaschi and his son Trooper Carlo Fiaschi, Dr James Adam Dick, Capt Alfred Joshua Bennett, Trooper "Chum" Holborrow, Lt G. A. H. Holborrow, W. H. Pearce, George Mortimer, Cpl Kilpatrick, Trooper Milverton Ford, T. H. Norris, Lt Heron, George Bush, J. Eggleton and Sgt Major Duke. </div>
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Corp. Pte C. W. H. Coulter wrote a number of very lengthy letters which were published in the local newspapers, including one which mentions a battle in open country near Vredefort. He mentions how the Australians fought bravely and some of the casualties. Major Moor from Western Australia was shot in the right leg with an explosive bullet, completely smashing the limb at the knee, and died immediately. There were some terrible injuries and mention was made of Sgt. Nicholson, of Albury had his nose blown off by an explosive bullet. <a href="http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/85851678" target="_blank">A soldier's letter</a> is very detailed and worth checking in the <i><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article85851678" target="_blank">Windsor & Richmond Gazette</a></i></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/85852504" target="_blank">Soldier's Letter - Windsor & Richmond Gazette 2 June 1900, p. 7 </a></td></tr>
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<span style="text-align: justify;">Several soldiers connected to the Hawkesbury died whilst serving. They were:</span><br />
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<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.hawkesbury.net.au/memorial/windsor_boer_war_memorial/wbwm002.html" style="text-align: justify;" target="_blank">Farrier Sgt George Jennings Dickson</a><span style="text-align: justify;"> who died of enteric fever at Standerton in 1902 </span></li>
<li><a href="http://www.hawkesbury.net.au/memorial/windsor_boer_war_memorial/wbwm001.html" style="text-align: justify;" target="_blank">Trooper Charles John Gosper </a><span style="text-align: justify;">was accidentally drowned in the Vaal River in 1900 </span></li>
<li><a href="http://www.hawkesbury.net.au/memorial/windsor_boer_war_memorial/wbwm003.html" style="text-align: justify;" target="_blank">Trooper George Archie Montgomery</a><span style="text-align: justify;"> was killed at Zeehurst in 1900 </span></li>
<li><a href="http://members.pcug.org.au/~croe/ozb/oz_boer_more.cgi?record=14839" target="_blank">Thomas Moore Mitchell</a></li>
</ul>
More details can be obtained from the <a href="https://www.blogger.com/"><span id="goog_1241023267"></span>Australian War Memorial<span id="goog_1241023268"></span></a> and the <a href="http://members.pcug.org.au/~croe/ozb/oz_boer.cgi" target="_blank">Oz Boer War</a> site.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaQkHMCOQh6H9kSidDgTKOWacSD9S1_TlEsCU4zPLTRHUW1RnfTenVo5rkF301Ga5dr7hDrPObAuiX3dK0JvoMxAkafVgEsOp98pN8RK6BX_vJWIbWfDEPMcUuWL2Y7Xu0TfVvi5lScrU/s1600/Presentation1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="186" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaQkHMCOQh6H9kSidDgTKOWacSD9S1_TlEsCU4zPLTRHUW1RnfTenVo5rkF301Ga5dr7hDrPObAuiX3dK0JvoMxAkafVgEsOp98pN8RK6BX_vJWIbWfDEPMcUuWL2Y7Xu0TfVvi5lScrU/s400/Presentation1.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-page5325340" target="_blank">Thomas Moore Mitchell is pictured in this image ATCJ 21 April 1900</a></td></tr>
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A number of served in the medical field. <a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/fiaschi-thomas-henry-6165" target="_blank">Dr Thomas Fiaschi </a>commanded the 1st Field Hospital. In 1900 he led stretcher bearers into Boer territory and accepted 250 Boer soldiers surrender and was awarded the DSO <i>"For conspicuous bravery and devotion to duty"</i> His son Carlo, also a medical practitioner, served as well. <a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/dick-james-adam-5975" target="_blank">Dr James Adam Dick</a> enlisted with the Army Medical Corps and was mentioned in despatches and awarded the Queen's medal. <a href="http://bwm.org.au/site/Julia_Johnston.php" target="_blank">Julia Bligh Johnston</a> was born in 1861 at Spring Hill, McGraths Hill, daughter of James Bligh and Anne Johnston. She trained as a nurse in Launceston in the mid-1880s and was then employed at Sydney Hospital. Julia enlisted with the Army Nursing Service Reserve attached to the NSW Army Medical Corps in 1899 as Superintendent and was sent to South Africa during the Boer War.</div>
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After the war the community in the Hawkesbury district chose to establish a memorial to honour the memory of soldiers from the district that died whilst serving in the Boer War in South Africa during 1899 to 1902. Local monumental mason, George Robertson was appointed to design the memorial which was paid by public subscription. The monument (pictured above) was unveiled at an <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article86217575" target="_blank">official function</a> in November 1902.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDSF1x40Ia3KGM-QeTErIFV3NB6NKl7A33vT-zLR40ibWLhlHZmGpN7vKg3xUeJXJnJdFrxHWNm7sNd7OHQTLtufxi4x4vb2Cm2UMbR5zTP4aLYe9Ur8c7nE-aZsVykK4DiCgpma0sh5Q/s1600/20160531_111653.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDSF1x40Ia3KGM-QeTErIFV3NB6NKl7A33vT-zLR40ibWLhlHZmGpN7vKg3xUeJXJnJdFrxHWNm7sNd7OHQTLtufxi4x4vb2Cm2UMbR5zTP4aLYe9Ur8c7nE-aZsVykK4DiCgpma0sh5Q/s400/20160531_111653.jpg" width="225" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Boer War Day ceremony 31 May 2016 in Windsor.</td></tr>
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Sources:</div>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://bwm.org.au/site/Home.php" target="_blank">Boer War Memorial</a> </span></li>
<li><a href="http://www.hawkesbury.net.au/memorial/windsor_boer_war_memorial/index.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Boer War Memorial on Memorials, Monuments & Plaques on Hawkesbury on the Net</span></a></li>
<li><a href="http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Trove</span></a></li>
</ul>
Michelle Nicholshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13895788284533270333noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3786831729193456157.post-62036841105017442852016-05-10T22:00:00.004+10:002016-05-10T22:00:57.782+10:00Windsor Boxing match 1836 ~ Trove Tuesday<div style="text-align: justify;">
During the nineteenth century, boxing was a popular form of sport in the colony. The fights were often motivated by betting on the outcome and at times were frowned upon by the law. The following case relates to death in a boxing match at Windsor in August 1836. The death was dealt with as a case of manslaughter in the Supreme Court of NSW. The case of R. v. GAUDRY & OTHERS took place on the 10 November 1836 with Judge Dowling presiding. Several newspapers provided detailed reports of the court case which in turn gives us a picture of these prize fights. </div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article36854511" target="_blank">The Australian <span style="font-size: 12.8px;">15 November 1836</span>, p. 2</a></b> </td></tr>
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A prize fight boxing match was held on the 26 August 1836 at Windsor between George Gaudry and James Bishop. Gaudry was indicted for the manslaughter of Bishop. A group of men were charged with <i>“abetting in the same” </i>Charles Gaudry, Samuel Taylor, John Bates, John Allcorn, John Lucas, George Keys and Thomas Martin. </div>
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William Gaudry’s testimony was recorded:</div>
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I live at Windsor, and recollect the 24th of August last, was at a fight that day about two miles from Windsor, my brother George was one did not know the other, but had seen him on the previous evening, took no part in the fight; Dutch Sam (Taylor,) was second to deceased, and George Ray second to my brother, there were bottle holders also, saw Bates, my brother Charles and Allcorn there, someone kept time, the fight lasted about an hour, my brother won the fight. Bishop became insensible soon after the fight, I then spoke to Dr. Rutter who bled him, he was taken into Windsor but died the same evening, there was a regular ring formed by the crowd, a great number of people were there, saw nearly all the prisoners there.</blockquote>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Supreme Court where the case was heard from 'Sydney in 1848' by Joseph Fowles. <br />Courtesy Mitchell Library, State Library of NSW</td><td class="tr-caption"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption"><br /></td></tr>
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Others that were examined as part of the case, included, Christopher Flynn, dealer in Sydney, provided his assigned servant James Bishop, a pass to go to Richmond. Flynn had not seen him since. Under examination Flynn said Bishop <i>“had been with me four years, complained sometimes of a head ache.”</i> Robert Smith, a publican at Windsor, recalled the day of the fight. As a result of the fight the injured man was taken to Smith’s house where he died later that evening. </div>
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John Hibbert attended the fight & saw deceased fall a few times, <i>“he was very much beaten”. </i>Apparently Gaudry <i>“threw him frequently, the last time thrown he laid on the ground speechless a considerable time.”</i> He was taken by chaise to Smith's house and Hibbert stated that he thought it was a <i>“fair fight” </i>while Richard Crampton, a witness stated <i>“I was at the fight in August between Gaudry & Stringybark, I believe Lucas was one of the parties who kept the time, Taylor & Haddygaddy were the seconds.” </i>John Earl, a Cabinet maker, was also at the fight. He said he saw George Gaudry and Bates at the fight. He also mentioned a Mr Dight who held the stakes. Apparently both Bates and Gaudry gave £10 as the stakes. He thought that as Allcorn and Lucas both held watches that they were the time keepers. However when cross-examined, it was noted that other people had watches as well.</div>
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Charles Kelly stated that he attended the fight and <i>“saw John Allcorn was one of the time-keepers; saw him act as such; a round or two had taken place before he was called into the ring.” </i>William Maughan was the local constable and was on duty on the day of the fight. He did try and stop the fight but was unsuccessful. Dr. Rutter the doctor that treated the deceased lived in Parramatta but was in Windsor on the day in question. After the fight the doctor was to examine him. He stated the man <i>“was insensible, labouring under a concussion of the brain; I bled him; the injury I imagine was the effect of a fall; death was occasioned by a profusion of blood on the brain; his head had received an extensive blow, which might produce compression of the brain.”</i> When cross examined, the doctor stated a <i>“fall was more likely than a blow to produce compression; over exertion might produce it.”</i></div>
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Another doctor, William John Whitethorn was also called upon to give evidence. He examined the deceased and stated <i>“death had been occasioned by extravasated blood on the brain; there were several wounds on the scalp which might have been caused by either blows or falls.”</i></div>
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William Henry Gaudry stated <i>“I heard Bishop say that he came up to Windsor on purpose to fight somebody, and mentioned the name of my brother in particular; he was about the same size as my brother.”</i> Apparently there was some question about the identity of deceased, as no-one who knew Bishop, identified the body. However it was thought the pass was evidence enough. Those being charged did not say anything in their defence but did provide character witnesses. The judge stated that six of the prisoners were born in the colony, and it was <i>“absolutely necessary that prize fighting should be put down, it was a brutal practice and tended to disgrace all parties concerned. It was also high time that the young men of this Colony should be taught to respect the laws of their country.” </i> </div>
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Interestingly as Taylor was already a convict, his punishment (two years to a penal settlement) was harsher. George Gaudry received six months whilst the others Charles Gaudry, Bates, Allcorn, Kay and Lucas were sentenced to three months imprisonment in Windsor Gaol.</div>
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Sources: </div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">(1836, November 15). The Australian, p. 2. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article36854511</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">(1836, November 12). The Sydney Gazette & NSW Advertiser, p. 3. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article2207709</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">(1836, November 14). The Sydney Herald, p. 2. Retrieved May 10, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article12859840</span></div>
Michelle Nicholshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13895788284533270333noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3786831729193456157.post-84461326006167209492016-04-03T17:37:00.001+10:002016-04-03T17:37:31.246+10:00The old Richmond Post Office<div style="text-align: justify;">
Prior to the official appointment of Isaac Nichols as postmaster in 1810 the settlers in the colony made their own arrangements regarding the circulation of mail. An official post office was established in Windsor in 1828 and mails were delivered three times per week from Windsor to Richmond. </div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5VyxPXeuFcfQnEaJWCoCT1GekwM9OEWZ34mcvu5WdVHfqY3k2e4vrcXL_Lsocxjan8H5mnIAVL8065Z5AGEs4kgRD_H3tDyRp_OqW6LgfEODXEEV9VzeL9Ft-t38QN68Cb0rDIZdtl9E/s1600/Capture.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="159" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5VyxPXeuFcfQnEaJWCoCT1GekwM9OEWZ34mcvu5WdVHfqY3k2e4vrcXL_Lsocxjan8H5mnIAVL8065Z5AGEs4kgRD_H3tDyRp_OqW6LgfEODXEEV9VzeL9Ft-t38QN68Cb0rDIZdtl9E/s320/Capture.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article37126560" target="_blank">RICHMOND. <i>The Australian</i> newspaper 13 January 1844, p. 3.</a></td></tr>
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A Post Office was officially established in Richmond on the 1 January 1844 and the first postmaster appointed was William Edward Brew. </div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgy6fYU4r1wTymP-OupOIzAIaw9FmQM46V7lQck8wMa6nw9dWO9-wO9cxAG_b4Vd2mwjVlSdJbZGPFkRpQ39QbGtBJ7SXUZV3c_7dSyayhl8aI6JdhV3r5ogd-6TD7kAfwTemlwjlxKcuE/s1600/richmond+court+and+Post+office.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="466" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgy6fYU4r1wTymP-OupOIzAIaw9FmQM46V7lQck8wMa6nw9dWO9-wO9cxAG_b4Vd2mwjVlSdJbZGPFkRpQ39QbGtBJ7SXUZV3c_7dSyayhl8aI6JdhV3r5ogd-6TD7kAfwTemlwjlxKcuE/s640/richmond+court+and+Post+office.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The old Richmond Post Office when it was single storey (right) adjacent to the Court House and old Police Station, 1879<br />Courtesy State Library of NSW</td></tr>
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In 1875 a single storey post office building was erected in Windsor Street, a little known fact. A second storey was added to the building in 1888 and in 1906 the walkways were filled in. The first Telegraph Office opened in Richmond in 1867, nine years after the first line opened in Sydney. </div>
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The building adjacent is the Court House and Police Station, located on the corner of Windsor and West Market Streets, and was built in 1877. There had been an earlier building on this site, called the Watch House, built in the 1820s.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGcw8hko-N3n9POmqpkeAgk3KCOVVbpaQVR5WKaj56fS2uxAFNmvVtiQSykKGbbD73Lt1Yhhdr2SJT31Xk5f1uOiL0EffeIsrvusLEYamVOmDOPkrceK2N8sZDQ5BWZpV9rHJzl2KmWJM/s1600/Capture.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGcw8hko-N3n9POmqpkeAgk3KCOVVbpaQVR5WKaj56fS2uxAFNmvVtiQSykKGbbD73Lt1Yhhdr2SJT31Xk5f1uOiL0EffeIsrvusLEYamVOmDOPkrceK2N8sZDQ5BWZpV9rHJzl2KmWJM/s400/Capture.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article14029427" target="_blank">ROBBERY FROM A POST-OFFICE. (1895, December 17). <i>The Sydney Morning Herald</i> 17 December 1895, p. 5. </a></td></tr>
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In 1895 burglars broke into the Post Office through a side window. They opened the safe and stole a cashbox which contained £120 worth of notes, gold and silver. Rather daring considering the Post Office was next door to the Police Station. </div>
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Sources:</div>
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Postal history of NSW 1788-1901 p.21 </div>
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Richmond Post Office, notes from Australia Post Archives</div>
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RICHMOND. (1844, January 13). The Australian (Sydney, NSW : 1824 - 1848), , p. 3. Retrieved April 3, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article37126560</div>
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ROBBERY FROM A POST-OFFICE. (1895, December 17). The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954), , p. 5. Retrieved April 3, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article14029427</div>
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Michelle Nicholshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13895788284533270333noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3786831729193456157.post-13540793004468503942016-04-03T16:49:00.000+10:002016-04-03T16:49:01.470+10:00Historic St. Peter's Church of England, Richmond<div style="text-align: justify;">
Travelling down Windsor Street, in Richmond is the historic St Peter's Anglican Church, which has changed very little over the years. The church with its adjoining rectory and coach house, and across the road, the burial ground and hall, sits in a small ridge, with a view to the mountains.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0cHwoBqXL4HFAm1d2t1o58dPpXipfPdJXzznErdZA1ochArR5HH-gwLCaSuUDJhAlz8rAMsRAJEALFwOfAN-Hux_eT_cgHf5CEXorH0NCfil33ySHQLMIEKGL78yToP5emQIqERS_SK8/s1600/st+peters.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="267" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0cHwoBqXL4HFAm1d2t1o58dPpXipfPdJXzznErdZA1ochArR5HH-gwLCaSuUDJhAlz8rAMsRAJEALFwOfAN-Hux_eT_cgHf5CEXorH0NCfil33ySHQLMIEKGL78yToP5emQIqERS_SK8/s400/st+peters.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">St Peter's Church of England, Richmond 1879<br />Courtesy State Library of NSW</td></tr>
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In 1789 <a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/phillip-arthur-2549" target="_blank">Governor Arthur Phillip</a> explored the area around Richmond Hill. Five years later, settlers were granted land and given permission to reside in the Hawkesbury. The first services were conducted in Richmond in 1808 by Brother Youl but regular services were not customary until after the appointment of the resident chaplain, <a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/cartwright-robert-1882" target="_blank">Reverend Robert Cartwright</a> to the Church of England in the Hawkesbury in 1810. He served both Windsor and Richmond until 1814 when the parishes separated. </div>
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<a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/macquarie-lachlan-2419" target="_blank">Governor Lachlan Macquarie</a> travelled to the Hawkesbury in 1810 and named the five towns of Richmond, Windsor, Wilberforce, Pitt Town and Castlereagh. In Richmond he selected the location <i>“on a very beautiful elevated Bank and overlooking Pugh's Lagoon and adjoining rich lowlands."</i> He visited again, about a month later, and recorded in his Journal in 1811: </div>
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...the scite(sic) of the church, schoolhouse and burying ground were marked out by strong posts...The name of the town, painted on a board and nailed to strong lofty post was put close to the beautiful bank immediately above and overlooking Pugh's Lagoon and adjoining rich lowlands where it is intended to erect the Church at Richmond.<span style="font-size: x-small;">[1]</span></blockquote>
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The Richmond church lands were consecrated by <a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/marsden-samuel-2433" target="_blank">Rev Samuel Marsden</a> in 1811 and in that same year, the decision to construct a brick building was made at a meeting. The community went about raising the funds, over two hundred pounds, to do so, however the schoolhouse-come-chapel, was not constructed until several years later. </div>
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The two storeyed schoolhouse, similar to the one surviving at Wilberforce, was constructed next to the burial ground, measuring about 12 x 18 metres in size, and could seat up to one hundred people. It had accommodation on the ground floor with schoolroom upstairs which doubled as a chapel on Sundays. The first schoolmaster appointed to Richmond was Matthew Hughes and he taught at the school from 1813 until 1839. This was at a time when schooling was provided by the church, public education did not come about until much later in the nineteenth century.</div>
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As the town grew, it was evident a more substantial church building was required. A public meeting was held at the schoolhouse in 1835, headed by <a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/marsden-samuel-2433" target="_blank">Rev Samuel Marsden</a>. A Committee was formed, and a subscription list commenced where people could pledge donations. The church was designed by architect Francis Clarke (1801-1884) who was responsible for the design of several others churches including Mulgoa and Prospect. Tenders were advertised to construct the church in 1836 with local builder James Atkinson the successful builder. Construction of St. Peter's church was underway by late 1837 and took several years to build. It opened on 15 July 1841.</div>
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It was reported that: </div>
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The new church, called St Peters was officially opened on Thursday and consecrated by <a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/broughton-william-grant-1832" target="_blank">[Bishop Broughton]</a> the Lord Bishop of Australia, when all the responsible families in the town and neighbourhood were present. After the ceremony, a very large party of the gentry and clergy, with the Bishop, police magistrate, &c, were received at Hobartville, and entertained most hospitably by Mr. & Mrs. W. Cox. These meetings on such occasions do great good: they promote harmony, inspire confidence, and tend to unity; and it is a fair example of the really good feeling of the Australian community…<span style="font-size: x-small;">[2]</span></blockquote>
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The rectory, also designed by Clarke, was not completed until 1847. It is supposed to be similar to an English parsonage in Farnham Surrey, where <a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/broughton-william-grant-1832" target="_blank">Bishop William Grant Broughton</a> lived for a period. A number of changes were made by the well-known architect <a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/blacket-edmund-thomas-3005" target="_blank">Edmund Blacket</a> to the rectory in 1863. The nearby coach house and stables have also survived.</div>
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The church was originally lit by candle and then kerosene lamp. Shortly after the end of the First World War, the electricity was connected. In 1849 a barrel organ was installed followed by an American styled organ in 1877. This was replaced in 1904 with a pipe organ. There have been a number of changes to the church including the addition of a side-porch, designed by <a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/blacket-edmund-thomas-3005" target="_blank">Edmund Blacket</a>, the construction of a chancel and gallery, and reorganisation of the pew layout occurring during the 1850s. Coloured glass windows were introduced in the 1870s, and in 1891 the gates and iron railing were erected. Several remarkable stained glass windows also adorn the church.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhniFJEQmfOLP1v7iok47dzeDu9vDCnR9y3W99xG39pkpo1zRJi4nv3ND_9pH2-mU-veAGLX9iX6xMY953yYc1bzM7g_AUnKSf4GB8Xa6hyphenhyphenV0SbA915dbZv5Pf1dAJ7V7YMUpbOCnKiFr4/s1600/Richmond+parish+school+slnsw+1870s.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="394" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhniFJEQmfOLP1v7iok47dzeDu9vDCnR9y3W99xG39pkpo1zRJi4nv3ND_9pH2-mU-veAGLX9iX6xMY953yYc1bzM7g_AUnKSf4GB8Xa6hyphenhyphenV0SbA915dbZv5Pf1dAJ7V7YMUpbOCnKiFr4/s640/Richmond+parish+school+slnsw+1870s.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Church of England Schoolhouse circa 1870s<br />Courtesy State Library of NSW</td></tr>
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The old schoolhouse was used until about 1874 and a new Sunday School Hall was built next to the cemetery facing Windsor Street. <span style="font-size: x-small;">[3]</span> The schoolhouse was demolished sometime later and a number of the bricks were used to build an obelisk outside the church, commemorating the early pioneers of the church and unveiled in 1933.</div>
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During the twentieth century the church experienced several disasters. In 1933 a heavy hailstorm smashed over thirty panes of glass from the windows. A wild storm demolished most of the spire in 1956 and it was necessary for it to be replaced. In 1964 the original ceiling was significantly water damaged. </div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Burial entry for Margaret Catchpole who died in 1819 and is buried at St Peter's.<br />Photo: M. Nichols</td></tr>
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The earliest recorded death in St Peters burial ground is that of five year old George Rouse who drowned in 1809. As this was before the cemetery was officially marked out and consecrated it is not known if he was actually buried or just commemorated on the headstone. </div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">View of rear of St Peters Cemetery<br />Photo: M. Nichols, 2016</td></tr>
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There are a number of pioneers who came with the First Fleet in 1788 buried in the cemetery. Ex-convict <a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/catchpole-margaret-1886" target="_blank">Margaret Catchpole</a> who arrived in 1801 and died in 1819 is also buried in the cemetery in an unmarked grave. William Cox junior and <a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/town-andrew-4740" target="_blank">Andrew Town</a>, both of Hobartville; Benjamin Richards who established the Riverstone Meatworks and botanist, <a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/atkinson-caroline-louisa-2910" target="_blank">Louisa Calvert nee Atkinson</a> are some of the notable pioneers found in the cemetery. </div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxYrwTDG3tMNKv4q-xEVS7NmYC19YWEQuZna-oL0SfXngflupqIR1mG4vE1pUCadNdhyGPiMgr4G_cZiMLRdHGdrLftJm5Sf-ttT1u3Z560a3MI6siQ-OZ2OAksH6IKHaaYlkYvTssPLA/s1600/hordern+monument+richmond.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxYrwTDG3tMNKv4q-xEVS7NmYC19YWEQuZna-oL0SfXngflupqIR1mG4vE1pUCadNdhyGPiMgr4G_cZiMLRdHGdrLftJm5Sf-ttT1u3Z560a3MI6siQ-OZ2OAksH6IKHaaYlkYvTssPLA/s320/hordern+monument+richmond.jpg" width="217" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Hordern monument, St Peter's Cemetery<br />Photo: M. Nichols</td></tr>
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The Hordern family monument (pictured above) with its exquisite angel is a feature of the cemetery. One bizarre fact is that the famous ornithologist <a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/gould-john-2113" target="_blank">John Gould</a>, captured his first pair of Wonga Wonga pigeons in the cemetery in Richmond.</div>
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References</div>
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1. Lachlan Macquarie, Journals of his tours in NSW and Van Diemens Land 1810-1822. p.28</div>
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2. <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article28652678" target="_blank">NEWS FROM THE INTERIOR. (1841, July 22). Sydney Herald p. 3</a>. </div>
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3. Macquarie Country by D. G. Bowd</div>
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Michelle Nicholshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13895788284533270333noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3786831729193456157.post-55697660731984743962016-01-06T00:03:00.001+11:002016-01-06T00:07:42.238+11:00 Where Hawkesbury buried their dead ~ Trove Tuesday<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJ0bL-jPYPH9ZSLeiFA0pgJP9cSj-3PCF1cn0i0oZT0wYylIq_44S_a737US3unl6t-yc7XF_WCk3VXZZSQMXl4rkjqPTO_xDoOgoym_DoJ8Xbl0cKZSq_lPwBShBQItDwklZG-nABe_4/s1600/Untitled.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="93" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJ0bL-jPYPH9ZSLeiFA0pgJP9cSj-3PCF1cn0i0oZT0wYylIq_44S_a737US3unl6t-yc7XF_WCk3VXZZSQMXl4rkjqPTO_xDoOgoym_DoJ8Xbl0cKZSq_lPwBShBQItDwklZG-nABe_4/s400/Untitled.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Windsor Catholic Cemetery. Photo M. Nichols</td></tr>
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Prior to 1810, inhabitants of the Hawkesbury buried their dead in various places including their properties, or along the riverbanks. There was also an early burial ground on the banks of South Creek at Green Hills (which was the original name of Windsor) but no records survive and the exact location is not confirmed, although a small plot of land has been set aside to commemorate early burials.</div>
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In 1811, the following Government Order, decreed by <a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/macquarie-lachlan-2419" target="_blank">Governor Lachlan Macquarie</a> was published in the <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-page6761" target="_blank">Sydney Gazette</a> stating that all burials were to take place in consecrated cemeteries. The Order stated:</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBGdSzGxDTWd8Hw-J5UZ8FNNupbn9A9onQ52FioHwQzLeYaqN2ElpSBQj4UZjpgpngSs1rCKeDdDrwxNYQU5P_-6bTWg91K3H2VKVFUSl96xgcIUgMvxo1y5CH1o3ZgQzBcSgeISoXik8/s1600/Capture.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="259" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBGdSzGxDTWd8Hw-J5UZ8FNNupbn9A9onQ52FioHwQzLeYaqN2ElpSBQj4UZjpgpngSs1rCKeDdDrwxNYQU5P_-6bTWg91K3H2VKVFUSl96xgcIUgMvxo1y5CH1o3ZgQzBcSgeISoXik8/s320/Capture.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">The respective burial grounds which were sometime since marked out for the accommodation of the settlers in the several townships of Liverpool, Windsor, Richmond, Pitt Town, Castlereagh and Wilberforce having lately consecrated by the Principal Chaplain, His Excellency, the Governor is pleased to give this public notice, thereof and at the same time directs & commands that in future all settlers and other residents within those townships, or in their respective vicinities shall cease to bury their dead as heretofore within their several farms, & shall in a decent and becoming manner inter them in the consecrated grounds now assigned for that purpose in their respective Townships.</span></b></div>
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It was also recorded that when someone died, <i>"notice of the event shall be immediately given to the Constable at the District wherein it has occurred, and the Constable receiving such information is hereby directed to communicate the same with the least possible delay to the nearest Resident Chaplain, in order that he may attend and perform the Funeral Service."</i></div>
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This order was not to be neglected and ignoring it could result in severe punishment. Further it became a <i>"sacred duty ... to guard and protect the Remains of ... deceased Friends from every unnecessary Exposure."</i></div>
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Governor Lachlan Macquarie was keen the burial grounds be made available soon after and donated ten pounds towards the erection of a fence, to be built as quickly as possible. The first of these burial grounds to be established was at Windsor. Many people do not realise that the burial ground came first and was established adjacent to what was eventually to become St. Matthew's Church of England, which began construction in 1817. <a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/thompson-andrew-2728" target="_blank">Andrew Thompson</a> who died in 1810 was in fact the first person buried in the burial ground. <a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/antill-henry-colden-1710" target="_blank">Henry Antill</a> was responsible for selecting Thompson's burial site. </div>
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Shortly after Windsor, burial grounds were established in Richmond, Wilberforce, Pitt Town, Castlereagh and Ebenezer. They were surveyed, marked out and then consecrated. </div>
Michelle Nicholshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13895788284533270333noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3786831729193456157.post-34669970880473711532015-12-29T23:59:00.000+11:002015-12-29T23:59:09.577+11:00Shopping on the Hawkesbury - Trove Tuesday<div style="text-align: justify;">
The Hawkesbury district covers a wide area and many inhabitants had to travel long distances to access businesses and shops. A characteristic fairly unique to the Hawkesbury were the floating store boats which travelled up and down the Hawkesbury waterways in the late 19th and 20th century, providing provisions to remote communities. </div>
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The store boats came in varying sizes; there were smaller vessels as well as those that were very well set-up selling drapery, groceries, ironmongery and other commodities. Some were fitted with counters and the boats travelled up and down the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawkesbury_River" target="_blank">Hawkesbury</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colo_River" target="_blank">Colo</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macdonald_River_(St_Albans)" target="_blank">Macdonald</a> Rivers. Some of the early operators included John Dennett, Henry Walker, as well as brothers William and Charlie Wood. Entrepreneur Charles Hatte, a Newtown merchant, took over Theodore Chaseling’s store boat and general store at Wisemans Ferry in the 1890s. Along with Henry Macnamara, who was in charge of operating the boats. At a later stage, Henry in conjunction with Robert Cameron, established a new partnership trading along the river. One of their main vessels was the ‘Camac’ named after a combination of their surnames Cameron and Macnamara. </div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9egHe3JiqPkYo1gW3xatpsR1B7i7plT-rKtQN7w89_qsKc3wseyzUSNhXELGM21pBkD9GGO1sqQ8Pa8ds0WCMeKwj32rBXqI-tpFj7-w08F6rrs9CnnyE7WQWsZuGyglWlAjdY50EhLM/s1600/Capture_riverboat.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="367" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9egHe3JiqPkYo1gW3xatpsR1B7i7plT-rKtQN7w89_qsKc3wseyzUSNhXELGM21pBkD9GGO1sqQ8Pa8ds0WCMeKwj32rBXqI-tpFj7-w08F6rrs9CnnyE7WQWsZuGyglWlAjdY50EhLM/s400/Capture_riverboat.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: #fafae1; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.1px; line-height: 18.15px; text-align: start;">Shop boat on the Hawkesbury.<br />Illustration from the </span><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article113304232" target="_blank"><i style="background-color: #fafae1; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.1px; line-height: 18.15px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start;">Evening News </i><span style="background-color: #fafae1; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.1px; line-height: 18.15px; text-align: start;"> 24 December 1904</span></a></td></tr>
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The local newspapers on <a href="http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper" target="_blank">Trove </a>are a wealth of information about the boats. In years gone by, farmers grew most of their own food but in an article in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Evening_News_(Sydney)" target="_blank">Evening News </a>newspaper in <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article113304232" target="_blank">1904</a>, an old resident who lived along the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawkesbury_River" target="_blank">Hawkesbury River</a> stated <i>"in the early days we knew nothing about new fangled things" - </i>she was trying to decide<i> "between the purchase of 'cold drawn' castor oil"</i> or patent pills. All sorts items were sold including clothing, millinery and shoes and boots. Alcohol, soft drinks, are sold next to babies' teething soothers, crockery and hardware lines. The newspapers of the day state that the trader must be exceptional - not only must he carry everything, but he also has to <i>"convince his customer of her needs and his complete ability to meet them."</i> The prices must also be competitive particularly as transport improved in the early 20th century and settlers were able to more easily journey into Windsor or Richmond shopping. </div>
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Several businesses also supplied residents along the river with the necessities of fresh bread and meat. The Moses family operated one of the bread boats for many years from 1910 whilst Walter Singleton, Barney Morley and Wal Jones are remembered as popular identities from the 1920s-1930s and later.</div>
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The boats provided a much needed service and also brought with them news. It wasn't always the women who wanted to find out was was happening. According to an article in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windsor_and_Richmond_Gazette" target="_blank"><i>Windsor & Richmond Gazette</i></a> in the <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article86051078" target="_blank">1930s</a>, <i>"men always stay to gossip, probably because men run the boat. Pipes are stuffed firmly and a comfortable seat is found on a sack of something. Then the news of the day is checked."</i></div>
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The storeboats are long gone, people drive to local shopping centres for their supplies or order things via the internet. It is hard to imagine the time when one had to wait for the storeboat to make its weekly journey up the river. </div>
Michelle Nicholshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13895788284533270333noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3786831729193456157.post-34182182223064840902015-12-06T14:20:00.001+11:002016-12-07T21:22:46.047+11:00Macquarie's Towns<div style="text-align: justify;">
Over 200 years ago, <a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/macquarie-lachlan-2419" target="_blank">Lachlan Macquarie</a>, the Governor of NSW was touring the Hawkesbury district and named the 'Macquarie Towns.' After breakfast on Thursday 6 December 1810, Macquarie set out with a party which included surveyors as well as local residents, <a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/cox-william-1934" target="_blank">William Cox</a> and <a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/fitzgerald-richard-2048" target="_blank">Richard Fitzgerald</a>. They travelled across the river to look for a suitable locality on the other side of the Hawkesbury River. His journal entry records this historic event at Windsor, formerly the Green Hills. </div>
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<i>Having crossed the Ferry at the Green Hills to the North side of the River, we proceeded … about 7 miles from the Green Hills; … where we looked for an eligible Spot for the intended Town and Township for the accommodation of the Settlers of the Phillip District [Wilberforce]and others inhabiting the Northern Bank of the River Hawkesbury, and after carefully surveying the different Parts of the Common we fixed on a very safe and convenient situation for the Town and Township in this part of the Country; which done we returned home and arrived at Government Cottage at 1/2 past 2 o'clock. Took some refreshment and walked out to survey the Grounds belonging to the Crown in and near the present village on the Green Hills [Windsor] and also the adjoining Public Common marked out for this part of the Country in the time of Governor King; a convenient part of which it is now my intention to appropriate for a large Town and Township for the accommodation of the Settlers inhabiting the South side of the River Hawkesbury, whose Farms are liable to be flooded on any inundation of the River, and to connect the present Village on the Green Hills with the intended new Town and Township. After viewing the ground and maturely considering the importance of the measure, the scite [sic] and situation of the new Town was at length fixed finally upon ---the exact scite of the new Church and Great Square being particularly marked out, as well as the extent and situation of the new Burying Ground; the Acting Surveyor, Mr. Meehan, receiving orders to measure and make out a Plan of the whole.</i> </blockquote>
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<b>Lachlan Macquarie, 1822 / Richard Read (ca. 1765-1827?)</b></div>
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<b>From the collections of the <a href="http://www.sl.nsw.gov.au/" target="_blank">State Library of NSW</a></b></div>
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<i><br /></i><i>A large Party of Friends dined with us today, consisting in all of 21 Persons … After Dinner I christened the new Townships, drinking a Bumper to the success of each. I gave the name of Windsor to the Town intended to be erected in the District of the Green Hills, in continuation of the present Village, from the similarity of this situation to that of the same name in England; the Township in the Richmond District I have named Richmond, from its beautiful situation, and as corresponding with that of its District; the Township for the Evan or Nepean District I have named Castlereagh in honor of Lord Viscount Castlereagh; the Township of the Nelson District I have named Pitt-Town in honor of the immortal memory of the late great William Pitt, the Minister who originally planned this Colony; and the Township for the Phillip District; on the North or left Bank of the Hawkesbury, I have named Wilberforce -- in honor of and out of respect to the good and virtuous Wm. Wilberforce Esqr. M.P. -- a true Patriot and the real Friend of Mankind. </i> </blockquote>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiB9gJ5B7CnGlGl7Qac5P4f_JX6-nfl7e9JunW_KxepbXAjZE00EJJjRnHdkHBU_VwC9ikH_IXdXdHCOdFcNI8V9LupxKN4ub2yutCZhJ7DwFKxTRpUIKAFbxxEvQFHlQCg5JIUGX8ZVos/s1600/NRS13886+-+Surveyor+General+Sketch+books+Windsor.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="440" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiB9gJ5B7CnGlGl7Qac5P4f_JX6-nfl7e9JunW_KxepbXAjZE00EJJjRnHdkHBU_VwC9ikH_IXdXdHCOdFcNI8V9LupxKN4ub2yutCZhJ7DwFKxTRpUIKAFbxxEvQFHlQCg5JIUGX8ZVos/s640/NRS13886+-+Surveyor+General+Sketch+books+Windsor.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Map of Windsor <br />Source: Surveyor General Sketch books, <a href="https://www.records.nsw.gov.au/" target="_blank">State Records NSW</a> </b></td></tr>
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<i>Having sufficiently celebrated this auspicious Day of christening the five Towns and Townships, intended to be erected and established for the security and accommodation of the Settlers and others inhabiting the Cultivated Country, on the Banks of the Rivers Hawkesbury and Nepean; I recommended to the Gentlemen present to exert their influence with the Settlers in stimulating them to lose no time in removing their Habitations, Flocks & Herds to these places of safety and security, and thereby fulfil my intentions and plans in establishing them. </i></blockquote>
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<i> As soon as we had broke up from Table, Captain Antill, accompanied by Messrs. Lord and Moore, who had dined with us, set out by water for Scotland Island, a part of the Estate of the late Mr. Thompson, in order to take an account of his Property there, the rest of our Party returning to their respective Homes, highly gratified with their entertainment. </i></blockquote>
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Note: Journals of his Tour in NSW & Van Diemens Land by Lachlan Macquarie also available on Macquarie University’s <a href="http://www.lib.mq.edu.au/all/journeys/1810/1810.html" target="_blank">Journeys in Time</a> site<br />
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Michelle Nicholshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13895788284533270333noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3786831729193456157.post-52915968544350984302015-11-13T00:13:00.002+11:002015-12-28T22:07:27.500+11:00Hawkesbury's oldest headstone<div style="text-align: justify;">
The oldest known surviving headstone in the Hawkesbury is that of John Howorth at Wilberforce.</div>
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On the 8 October 1804, eleven year old John Howorth died from a snake bite in Wilberforce. The circumstances were published in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Sydney_Gazette_and_New_South_Wales_Advertiser" target="_blank">Sydney Gazette</a> and outlined how how he was tending sheep</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article626458" target="_blank">Sydney Gazette 14 October 1804 p. 4</a></td></tr>
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The following week a fuller version of the situation was published. Here is an extract:</div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">The following are the particulars of the unfortunate circumstances attending the death of the child at Hawkesbury last Monday se'nnight in consequence of the bite of a snake. Two sons of Mr. John Howorth, settler, went together among some standing and fallen timber, to look after a small flock. The eldest boy, sitting near a large tree in which three apertures had been cut for the purpose of searching after the bandycoot, unhappily stretched on of his arms within the hollow, and suddenly withdrawing it much terrified, acquainted his brother that he had received a bite from a black snake. The poor little fellow, conscious of his danger, with an air of despondency remarked that he should soon die; and complaining of sudden illness, made an effort to return homeward. But his faculties yielding to irresistible lethargy and stapor, he lost his way before he had proceeded many paces, and was observed by a neighbouring settler, who enquiring what ailed him, received in a feeble tone the information of his illness, but without assigning any cause of complaint. The good man took him into his house, and lay him on his bed. The parents were made acquainted with the state the child was in, and immediately attended him; but he was then wholly insensible, and continued so during the short remaining period of his existence. About four in the afternoon the doleful accident occurred; and at about the same hour the following morning he expired, to the extreme regret of his parents, who were totally unacquainted with the cause of his death until after the event had taken place; when the other disclosed the above circumstance, and the body being examined, a wound appeared upon the left arm, thro' which the noxious viper had poured the contaminating fluid.</span></blockquote>
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The sad details of the unfortunate event are carved on his headstone:</div>
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<i>It was the subtile surpent's bite he cride</i></div>
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<i>then like A Rose bud cut he drup'd and died</i></div>
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<i>in life his Fathers glorey</i></div>
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<i>and his mothers pride.</i></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">John Howorth's headstone, the oldest surviving in the Hawkesbury, at Wilberforce.</td></tr>
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On the 5 December 1960, when the Hawkesbury was celebrating 150 years of the naming of the Five Macquarie Towns, the headstone was moved from its original location on the Hawkesbury riverbank to the <a href="http://www.wilberforce.anglican.asn.au/" target="_blank">St John's Anglican Church</a> complex at Wilberforce by the Hawkesbury Historical Society. Siblings of John's Elizabeth and Catherine, who both died in infancy, are also mentioned on the headstone. </div>
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Michelle Nicholshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13895788284533270333noreply@blogger.com0